Room ventilation
Ventilation in any type of room should provide air exchange. The intensity of air exchange is the main difference between the ventilation systems of rooms for various purposes.
Industrial ventilation
The following types of ventilation are used in industrial premises:
- natural
- artificial mechanical.
Most often resort to a combination of these two types of ventilation in industrial premises. Organized natural ventilation is carried out through aeration lamps, ventilation shafts or ventilation ducts, special windows. But this type of air exchange is very dependent on the weather outside.
The air inflow into the production facilities is carried out through the air vents at a height of 30 cm to 1.8 m from the floor level, and in winter at a level of 4 meters and above. The area of the window leaves should be 1/5 of the glazing area or more.
Mechanical ventilation of industrial premises can be supply, exhaust or supply and exhaust. It can be local (air showers, curtains or oases) or general exchange.
Local ventilation is used in hot shops, production with high heat radiation.
Ventilation of residential and office premises
In residential premises, ventilation can be natural, combined or artificial. It is important to observe the norms of air exchange indicated in SNiP 2.04.05-91 for ventilation of residential premises which state:
- For every 1 square. square meter of housing must be supplied in 3 cubic meters. meters of air per hour.
- For 1 person in the apartment, it is necessary to submit 30 cubic meters. meters of air hourly.
Air is supplied through rest areas (living room, bedroom), and outflow through workrooms (kitchen, toilet, bathroom, dressing room).
Most residential buildings are initially equipped with a natural ventilation system, which is not effective in the warm season and works intermittently in the cold. Therefore, tenants solve problems with the ventilation of residential premises, most often installing forced outflow of air.
Unlike residential premises, in offices most often installed mechanical supply and exhaust ventilation. The inability to open the window on the facade of the continuous glazing makes the air exchange in the rooms fully automated.
Cleanroom ventilation
Cleanroom ventilation solves the following problems:
- Maintaining the amount of dust particles in the air. The norm is determined by the class of cleanliness of the room.
- Retention of temperature, humidity and air mobility in a given framework.
- Maintaining the pressure difference in adjacent rooms. It is necessary so that dust does not penetrate into the room with a high class of cleanliness from the next room. The air inflow is somewhat more intensive than the outflow; increased air pressure is created.
- Providing fresh air.
The air is cleaned by four absolute filters. There is no air turbulence due to laminar flow. Room ventilation and air conditioning are provided by a central air conditioner.