Water is the most important and vital vital component in the body of any living creature, including humans. Without high-quality and clean water, organs and systems will begin to “malfunction,” possibly the development of diseases. Therefore, it is important to strictly monitor the quality of fluid intake. The water produced from wells and wells has its own individual characteristics, which must be studied.
Why water analysis is needed and where is it done
Regardless of the lifetime of the source and the amount of fluid consumed, it is recommended to do a water analysis regularly. This is due to the continuous changes that occur with groundwater. Well, if the reason for this is exclusively natural factors - melting snow and showers, floods, changing seasons. But human activity can also be blamed.
- Before you start drilling a well, you need to find a suitable place that fully meets all the requirements of SNiP and SanPiN. If the optimum distance between the sewer system and the well was not maintained, the wastewater will be able to penetrate into the clean fluid.
- Due to large-scale transport accidents, the operation of industrial enterprises and the emergency collection of chemical waste, the soil is saturated with a large number of toxic substances, which gradually reach the aquifers.
A large number of such examples can be given. The danger also lies in the fact that it is not always by eye and taste that a change in composition can be determined.
Instructions for safe water intake require a water analysis at least 1 time per year.
Special firms do similar analyzes. It is better to give preference to those who are able to conduct a comprehensive comprehensive test. It is also important what feedback on the work can be observed. Often, such laboratory tests are carried out by companies specializing in water purification filters.
Types of water quality analyzes from a well
There are several ways to analyze water from a well. They can be carried out taking into account the requirements of the customer in a particular case, the depth of the well shaft and taking into account the type of water intake. The main types of chemical analyzes of artesian water:
- standard;
- advanced;
- microbiological.
In the first method, wells with a depth exceeding 25 meters are checked. An extended assessment of well water indicators is determined in sources with a depth of less than 25 meters. An extended check is required to obtain a detailed analysis result, due to the fact that the highest concentration of harmful impurities falls into the first aquifer.
If it is a shallow source, microbiological analysis is required. Laboratory studies make it possible to determine not only the chemical composition of the well fluid, but also the presence of microorganisms and bacteria in it, which adversely affect human health.
The last kind of analysis is best done after heavy rains when the groundwater level has risen.
During the assessment of the state of the liquid, the total content of external impurities and bacteria is calculated. The concentration of coliform bacteria will determine if such water is generally suitable for consumption.
How to take water for a sample
In order to bring a high-quality sample to the laboratory, several important rules for water intake must be observed:
- The liquid must be collected in transparent sterile containers, the total volume of which will be at least 2 liters. More is possible, less is not.
- It is recommended that you first rinse the collection tank in the same water. In this case, no detergents and cleaners can be used.
- It is preliminary recommended that a small amount of liquid be pumped out so that liquid that has been in the pipeline for a certain time does not go to the laboratory.
- The set is carried out by a thin stream, which should flow along the walls of the prepared container. This is necessary in order not to saturate the liquid with oxygen, which will immediately affect the results of the studies.
- The fence is carried out directly under the neck of the container, otherwise the bottle will be saturated with oxygen and well fluid too.
It is required to deliver the material to the laboratory no later than three hours from the moment of its collection. If this rule is neglected, the results of laboratory tests will be greatly distorted. Until the time of delivery, it is better to store it in the refrigerator.
Features of the fence for microbiological research
Before analysis, prepare the liquid as follows:
- They are treated with disinfectants before contact with the liquid.
- For the collection of material used only sterile containers, which were previously taken in the laboratory.
- Carefully remove the gauze cap from the container. Hands touching the neck is strongly discouraged.
- The liquid is taken under the neck, the container is tightly closed with a rubber stopper.
- The container records data on the date and time of collection of material.
- Water must be returned to the laboratory no later than two hours after collection. If this is not possible, store it in a cold place, but not more than 6 hours.
There is a special kit for rapid fluid analysis, which can be purchased at companies specializing in purification filters. Do such an analysis at home, the results will be shown within 10 minutes.
Features of testing water from a well for potability
Before taking fluid samples for analysis, you must first conclude a contract with this organization. This clause is obligatory, since the existence of a contract provides quality guarantees.
Organizations with a good reputation, as a rule, send their specialists who independently take the material. This gives a 100% guarantee that the chemical composition of the substance will not undergo transformations and changes.
The fluid is collected in two different but sterile tanks. The first flask is used to test the quality as well as the presence of inorganic ingredients. The second is required for the analysis of the microbiological component.
According to the GOST rules, well bacteria and pathogenic microorganisms should not be contained in well water.
Biological analysis should be carried out first, since the life span of some organisms is limited. Then proceed to the biochemical component. The contract must strictly stipulate the time frame for the submission of a fluid analysis report. Results is an official document certified by the seal of the organization. It may also contain recommendations for improving the quality of well water in a particular case.
As a rule, large organizations provide answers within a few weeks. From small laboratories, the result can be expected up to several weeks.
Is it possible to independently check the water from the well
Water extracted from a well can be checked for the presence of extraneous impurities in its composition at home. Pour clean liquid into a clean glass container and look at it through sunlight.If the liquid is cloudy and different solid floating particles are visible in it, this indicates the inclusion of bacteria flakes and microorganisms, iron, sand, salts, etc. As a rule, the color ranges from light yellow to brown. If the liquid becomes turbid when the container is shaken, it is likely that the composition is oversaturated with dissolved iron.
Milk mist indicates oversaturation of the gas. Potassium permanganate - manganese can give a gray and black tint.
The cost of analyzing water from a well fluctuates over fairly broad ranges depending on the region. The average price in Russia is 5-6 thousand rubles.
