To determine the quality and volume of air, a domestic gas analyzer is used for the home. Manual devices operate on the principle of methodical absorption of reagents of all kinds. The work of automatic models is based on the measurement of chemical and physical parameters of gas and their systematization for the user. Devices are used to monitor fuel mixtures in industry, residential and household buildings.
Classification of domestic gas analyzer
They produce stationary meters, portable or portable. Equipment is made with different sets of functions, it can be small or bulky with a lot of weight. Devices work with one type of gas or are multi-component.
The purpose of the gas analyzer is the basis of the division by type:
- indicators evaluate the mixture by the amount of the controlled ingredient according to the principle of "many-few";
- leak detectors find the leakage area in the pipeline using a sampler or probe;
- signaling devices are designed with optical detectors, sound sensors, switches, and evaluate the quality in several stages;
- gas analyzers evaluate an air sample with precise indexing and are equipped with additional functions.
Multichannel instruments work in conjunction with gas distributors, which are placed in front of the analyzer and supply the mixture in turn from several sampling points.
Hand held
Hand-held gas analyzer for the home is a portable type. More often used electrochemical and optical devices that analyze the concentration of the components of the mixture in real time. Instruments make accurate measurements and are used to set up the combustion procedure and to monitor the operation of the analyzer with a built-in automatic controller. Chemical devices determine the concentration in a mixture of CO, Or or CO2.
The principle of operation includes processes:
- separation of the volume for analysis (100 ml);
- sequential absorption of constituent components;
- measurement after absorption of the volume residue.
Reducing the amount gives an idea of the content of the constituent component. The method is used in manual and automatic devices. The disadvantage is the frequency of the selections (25-30 cases per hour of work).
Automatic
The principle of operation of a gas analyzer with built-in automation is to oxidize the gas components using auxiliary catalysts. The measurement is carried out by thermistors that change resistance when the temperature changes and coordinate the conductive current.
Automatic devices are divided into groups according to the way they work:
- chemical or quantitative manometric analyzers carry out diagnostics when studying gas reactions with other components;
- electrochemical or thermochemical species find the concentration value in terms of the electrical conductivity of the solution that has absorbed the element of the mixture;
- optical instruments use the ability of a gas to alter the radiation and absorption of a spectrum;
- chromatographic-graphic work according to the displacement, development and frontal method.
Meters determine the physical and chemical composition of the atmosphere or its parts.
Principle of operation
As a result of the analysis, the volume and quality of the air components are found. The principle of operation of a domestic gas analyzer is based on studies of the reaction of constituents of a gas mixture to changes in environmental parameters.
Optical instruments use a mass spectrometry method for physically measuring the mass of electrical particles to investigate a substance. Densimetric gas analyzers work with the density of the substance and find the carbon dioxide content.
Magnetic devices find the concentration of oxygen, which actively perceives magnetic oscillations. Ultraviolet analyzers detect halogens, mercury vapors, and organics. Thermometric devices measure the thermal conductivity of components, work with multicomponent fuel compositions.
What a gas analyzer measures
Gas analyzers for apartments and houses are installed to monitor the concentration of carbon monoxide in the atmosphere, and are used in heating systems. You can use the gas analyzer when working with gas equipment in thermal power plants and in hazardous areas of chemical production.
All types of gas analyzers take measurements:
- differential gas pressure;
- flow rate and quantitative consumption of the mixture.
The devices are equipped with a built-in memory module for regular recording of measurement results. The analyzers are connected to a wireless communication channel to transmit information to individual users' computers. Devices independently process statistical data.
Rules for using the gas analyzer
The gas analyzer works flawlessly when operating conditions are met. The body of the device has normal protection against mechanical shocks, but you need to protect the device from falls, because the equipment belongs to an explosive category.
Fundamental rules:
- the device is used for the type of gas to be calibrated;
- before starting operation, the explosion protection marking is checked, the integrity of the box and fasteners, the integrity of the seal;
- one operator is assigned to work with the device;
- Before operation, the battery is recharged in an explosion-proof room.
A gas analyzer is a device that is turned on by a button that is held until the sound signal ceases. After that, the device enters the operating mode and the percentage of the concentration of component components appears on the screen.
Criteria for choosing a gas analyzer
Upon purchase, compliance with requests according to the norms of the Russian Federation, corporate regulations for the coverage of measurements and the degree of signaling is checked. The compliance of the explosion protection level specified in the passport with what is at the place of use is controlled.
The selection takes into account the parameters:
- type of measurement channel;
- type of sampling (internal, external, diffusion);
- the ability to work autonomously on batteries in cold weather;
- additional functions.
The number of investigated components is taken into account, since the cost depends on their availability.
Common appliances
Electrotechnical and optical devices that work with 1 to 4 types of gases are in demand. Such a gas analyzer is calibrated to study propane, methane, butane and a mixture of these components. Some types of devices determine the concentration of oxygen, combustible gaseous substances, toxic carbon monoxide.
Optical
These types of gas analyzers measure the density of the emission spectrum and absorption of the fuel mixture. Spectral analysis is done and the refractive index is determined.
Optical analyzers measure the content of:
- methane;
- acetylene;
- ethane;
- ammonia;
- chlorine;
- hydrogen sulfide.
The principle of operation of optical meters is based on the ability of each type of gaseous substance to absorb infrared rays of the same length. The device calculates the concentration from this characteristic.
Electrochemical models
Such instruments determine the volume of toxic gaseous substances in work areas. The devices operate efficiently in areas of increased explosion hazard. Compact analyzers are not sensitive to shocks and falls.
The equipment measures the concentration of substances:
- carbon monoxide;
- ammonia;
- sulfur oxide;
- hydrogen sulfide;
- chlorine;
- volume parts of oxygen.
Electrochemical analyzers are galvanic, potentiometric, electro-conductometric, depending on the measurement method. Devices emit a reagent for mixing with the component of the mixture and identify its concentration by electrochemical compensation.
Review of the best models
The optimal device for home use is the DT - 802. A universal device shows the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere, shows air temperature and humidity. The indicator scale on the display determines the degree of comfort for a person and measures to increase the required indicators. It is used in private housing, child care facilities, organizations and offices.
The specific Megeon 080 device is manufactured in China and used in technical production to determine the loss of refrigerant in refrigerators and air conditioning pipelines. It does not show the total gas content, the device belongs to the category of leak detectors.
The Russian model of the professional gas analyzer OKA - 92 MT has a high rating and is represented by a functional device. The node controls the concentration of carbon dioxide, oxygen, toxic and combustible substances in the air. Almost not used for housing, it works effectively in production.
The German brand TESTO - 330-2 LL is characterized by excellent work and quality, measurement accuracy. It is used to control individual heating with gas boilers. The device captures flue gases, acceptable values are displayed on the screen. There is a module for self-diagnosis and the transmission of information over a distance.
The American company produces a leak detector RIDGID CD-100. The detector detects the presence of methane, propane, and other substances. Detects loss even at minimal concentration. It is used during gasification of housing, installation of a heating boiler, leak detection during operation. There is a three-stage alarm unit.
