A proper bath water supply system implies a constant supply of purified water under a certain pressure. If there are no special problems with water heating: a furnace or a boiler is used for this, then with the influx everything is much more complicated. The pressure of the water is created by the pumping station, the equipment of which requires knowledge and skills. We will consider the basic schemes and projects of water supply for village baths with various sources: from a well, from a well. And we will learn how to equip the water supply in the bathhouse with our own hands.
Bath water sources
The first task when planning a bath is to determine the source of water supply. It could be:
- well;
- water pipes;
- well.
The simplest and most acceptable option is centralized water supply, simultaneous for home and bath. You must obtain permission to connect to the system, and then proceed according to plan:
- Mount pipelines and equipment inside the bathhouse.
- Carefully study the layout of the site's water pipes.
- Run a pipe from the central line to the bathhouse and connect it.
- Run the water supply system of the bath.
Well as a source of bath water supply
Since ancient times, wells have been used as a source of water for a bath. You can hold water from an existing well or, if necessary, build a new one. This is an inexpensive, reliable and easiest option to supply water to the steam room. Cons of well water bath:
- the water quality in the well is not guaranteed, it can be especially dirty during periods of floods or heavy rains;
- Water level differences are possible.
The walls of the well are best made of concrete rings with spike-groove fastenings, which in case of soil movement will not allow deformation. The ring joints are additionally sealed so that water from the upper layers does not penetrate the well. The bottom is covered with gravel and laid with geotextiles - a kind of filter is obtained.
If there is no well on the site, and the problem of bath water supply is relevant, you can equip Abyssinian well.
It is a pipe that is driven into the ground to an aquifer. Such a bath water supply system is good if the aquifer lies in the soil no deeper than 12 meters.
The main trick in the correct manufacture of pipes. Its lower end should be a spear. Above the spear several rows of holes are drilled, which play the role of a filter.
The pipe grows gradually from above, as the next section is driven in until the water level in the pipe is 0.7 - 1 meter. A pump is installed at the top, if the well depth is more than 7 meters, a submersible pump is needed for the water supply to the bath from the well.
Well, as a source of bath water supply
All wells that can be used for bath water supply are divided into two categories:
- artesian;
- sandy.
Artesian wells deep, they reach powerful aquifers (35-300 meters). Artesians for the water supply scheme of the house, baths are drilled with special mechanisms and are quite expensive. Water from artesian wells flows by gravity, under pressure.
Artesian water is clean, the well will never clog, will not silt, the volume of water is almost unlimited.
The only negative is the high cost of the arrangement.But the problem can be solved by organizing the simultaneous water supply of houses and baths of several owners.
Sand wells usually drilled no deeper than 30 meters to the top layer of sand. Such wells may become clogged with sand during the water supply of the baths, to prevent this, a filter column is made of alternating layers of fine-mesh mesh and gravel.
Advantages of water supply for baths from a sand type well: low cost and speed of construction.
Disadvantages:
- the volume of water in the layer cannot be predicted;
- the well supplies no more than 1 cubic meter water per hour;
- the well becomes silted over time.
Bath water supply device
The water supply scheme for the bathhouse and the house consists of the following elements:
- pump;
- pressure meter;
- accumulator (does not allow air to enter the system);
- bypass valve - necessary to drain the water from the system;
- pressure switch;
- check valve;
- water heater;
- water heater protection system;
- boiler drain tap;
- filter.
Pump selection
Whether water is supplied to the bath from a well or a well, a pumping station is required in any case. In the schemes and projects of water supply of a village bath, submersible and exhaust pumps are used. The type of pump is selected depending on the depth of the water. You should also pay attention to the diameter of the well and the design pressure of the water in the system. Experts recommend staying on models with a hydraulic accumulator.
From a well or a well, water is supplied to the bath water supply system through an outlet pipe. The pipe should enter the well below the freezing mark, the entry point is sealed. Multilayer waterproofing is made of fiber rubber, silicone, water glass and tile adhesive for outdoor use.
To prevent the pump from turning on continuously, an additional 50 liter tank is installed. At the same time, it helps to equalize the pressure in the pipes.
Pipe selection
Do-it-yourself selection of pipes for water distribution depends on whether the bath is used only in summer or all year round. If the bath operates only in the warm season, you can save on pipes and use flexible hoses (for strength, take reinforced). They are very easy to connect with each other using adapters. According to the project, such a water supply scheme for a village bath can not be buried in the soil. Before the onset of cold weather, hoses are collected in the barn until the next season. If the bath is used in the winter, the organization of its water supply will require more work.
Pipes with a diameter of up to 32 mm are used to connect a deep pump. For the rest of the wiring fit with a diameter of 25 mm.
Plastic pipes also easy to install and operate, but rubber joints are used at joints. On the street, they quickly lose their properties and require replacement. Can be used polymer pipeswhich are easily bent and suitable for use underground to bring hot water in a bathhouse.
The best material for simultaneous water supply to the bathhouse and home is polypropylene. Although with your own hands the water supply in the polypropylene bath will not be easy to assemble - you will need a special soldering iron. Between themselves polypropylene pipes are hermetically connected by special adapters. There are pipes reinforced with fiberglass or foil. Both options are good for water supply baths.
Water heater selection
If the bath is located near the apartment building, you can bring a hot water pipe from the main boiler. The pipe should be carefully insulated with foamed polyurethane. More often hot water supply in the bath is organized autonomously.
To provide the bath with hot water, you can install a wood stove. A stainless steel tank is built into the furnace and is faced with brick.Heated water will maintain temperature for a long time. But modern bath owners prefer more advanced storage or flow type water heaters.
Flowing gas boilers are highly efficient, they can provide any amount of hot water. But their operation is quite expensive. Therefore, more often in saunas they install accumulative electric boilers. The volume of the water heater depends on the number of people simultaneously visiting the steam room. A capacity of 90 liters is enough for 3-4 people.
Water supply in the winter bath
What is the water supply for the bath, which is used all year round? If the water supply and heating scheme of the house and bath is the same, there are no problems. It is more difficult when the bath is not heated and freezes in winter.
The water supply pipes of the bath are buried in the ground to a depth exceeding the freezing of the soil. In the middle lane, the freezing depth is about 1.5 meters, therefore, we lay the pipes 1.7 - 1.8 m. The best pipes for such work are made of foam, additionally insulated with a moisture-resistant material. To ensure that the frost does not reach the pipes, they are additionally laid on a pillow of thermal insulation and sprinkled on all sides, after which they are covered with soil.
If the room is not heated, you need to take care of the complete drainage of water from the system after visiting the bath. Indeed, in the bitter cold, the temperature in it is almost equal to the street temperature.
Additionally, the bath water supply system used year-round is equipped with a pressure sensor (manometer), as well as a check valve. They are installed at the entrance of the water supply pipe to the room before wiring.
For soldering polypropylene pipes, a special welding machine is needed, before arranging the water supply of the bath, you should purchase corners, fittings and couplings.
DIY bath water supply equipment stages
- Selection and preparation of a water source.
- Laying external water pipes.
- Instrument installation: ball valve, then a carbon filter with a reserve of at least 30 cubic meters and a non-return valve in front of the pump. From the pump there is a pipe to the boiler. A tee for a cold water pipe is also installed here. Cold water taps are installed on the tee. And at the outlet of the boiler there is a pipe with hot water, on which hot water taps are placed.
- Routing pipes in the bathhouse. First, vertical risers are installed, after which horizontal lines are held.
- Connecting pipes to devices, testing and starting.
At the end of the assembly of the bath water supply system with your own hands, you need to start it. First, open the ball valve and fill all the lines. Water should flow from the pipes without interruption, which means that there is no more air in the system. Now we shut off the cold water taps, open the launcher and turn on the pump. The pump starts at a pipe pressure of 1.4 - 1.8 bar, and stops at 2.2 - 2.5 bar. When the desired pressure is reached, the boiler is included in the network.
Video about the “samovar” system for heating water in the bath:
