The principle of operation of different types of precision air conditioners is similar, but there are some differences. They all differ in the way the condenser is cooled.
Precision air-cooled condenser air conditioners
The circuit of a precision air conditioner is no different from the circuit of any room split system. When the power is turned on, the fan starts, which drives air from the server. It is drawn into the housing from below or from above. It can be blown out of the ducts in the ceiling or in the floor.
The precision temperature sensor of the air conditioner determines the temperature in the room and sends a signal to the electronic controller indicating the need for cooling.
The controller turns on the compressor. Here, the refrigerant is compressed and fed to the condenser, where the freon is cooled by fans, condenses and goes into a liquid state.
On the thermostatic valve of a precision air conditioner for server, the pressure of freon is reduced to 4 atmospheres. It boils and goes into a gaseous phase with a temperature of 4 degrees Celsius. Now freon "radiates" cold. It is fed to the evaporator of the indoor module, meets air from the room, transfers cold to it. Cooled air is blown into the server room.
Such a precision type air conditioning system has a drawback - the freon route cannot be longer than 30 meters. Otherwise, use air conditioning with water cooling.
Drycooler as a method of cooling an air conditioning system
The principle of operation of a precision air conditioner equipped with a dry cooler is very similar to that described above. The only difference is the cooling of the heat exchanger. It occurs with the use of water. There is a heat exchanger in the internal module, a drycooler is connected to it - an external unit with a pump. The heated coolant transfers heat to the water, which is transferred to the atmospheric air by means of a dry cooler fan. In winter, instead of water, the drycooler is refilled with glycol.
Double-precision precision air conditioners
The scheme of a precision air conditioner immediately implies two types of cooling: in the internal module, the condenser is cooled by water, the heat exchanger is driven by a cooler. The main advantage of this method is the reduction of electricity costs.
Precision water-cooled air conditioners
It seems like a simple scheme of a precision air conditioner for server rooms: the internal module has its own cooling circuit, filled with glycol. It is cooled in chillers. However, an easy-to-use system is quite expensive and difficult to implement.
