Internal water supply systems receive water from the city water supply network and supply it directly to each apartment, workshop, office. The quality of water supply to consumers depends on the competent design and installation of internal water supply systems.
Types of domestic water supply
In accordance with the method of using water, domestic water supply systems are:
- fire fighting;
- household;
- watering;
- production.
Household systems supply water for washing, washing, cooking. Therefore, water must meet the requirements of state standards.
Fire internal system water supply is used for fire fighting, stopping the spread of fire inside the building.
Production Internal System water supply provides water to factory and factory floors.
Watering internal plumbing serves for watering flower beds, washing sidewalks near the house, cleaning corridors and halls.
To reduce the cost of equipment for domestic water supply systems, different types are combined: watering with domestic, watering with production.
The internal water supply system is selected taking into account the purpose and architecture of the building. So, at the objects of increased number of floors, they equip one water supply system that performs all the functions.
Components of domestic water supply systems
The internal water supply network is equipped with the following components:
- input;
- metering device;
- pump (not always required);
- shutoff valves;
- water pipes;
- water taps.
Enter - This is a pipe located between external water distribution networks and a metering device.
Knot accounting may be located in a serviced building or in a specially equipped room.
Pump needed when the pressure in the external water supply is not enough to deliver water to the upper floors.
Water supply network distributes the resource to end users. Water folding fittings internal network - these are taps and mixers through which the consumer receives a resource.
Pipeline accessories The internal water supply system controls the movement of the resource.
Internal water supply schemes
The scheme of the internal water supply network is divided into the following categories:
- Simple. Consists of input, water meter and water supply. It is used when the pressure in external networks is higher than necessary to provide the upper, most distant consumer of a given building;
- With regulating capacity. It is used if the pressure in the pipes is insufficient daily for a short period of time;
- With a pump. It is used when the pressure in the external network is constantly small.
Calculation of the internal water system
The calculation of domestic water supply should be carried out according to the following algorithm:
- Creating an axonometric diagram.
- Determining the direction of the liquid from the point of connection to the external water supply to the dictating device.
- Dividing the network into sections for calculation.
- Determination of resource costs for each site.
- Determination of the total pressure loss taking into account the local resistance of the sections.
- The choice of a water meter and the calculation of pressure losses in it.
- Calculation of inlet pressure loss.
- Calculation of the height of the water column.
- Calculation of the pressure at the insertion point into the external water supply and its verification with the indicator of guaranteed pressure.
- Calculation of the pump for domestic water supply.
- The choice of a dictating plumbing fixture - the most remote in height and length from the input.
The calculation of the level of the bookmark of the water supply input depends on the depth of soil freezing:
h=Hpr + 0,5
here Hpr - level of soil freezing, in meters.
The calculation of the pressure drop in the water meter is calculated as follows:
hv = s * Q2
here s - tabular value of the resistance of the counter,Q2- water consumption per second squared.
Calculation of the pressure of the internal water supply provided by the pump:
Hp=Hgeo + Hr + Hs + Hg
here: Hgeo - the height from the pump to the dictating plumbing equipment, Hr - pressure loss in the considered section of the water supply, Hs - free head of plumbing equipment, tabular value, Hg - minimum guaranteed pressure in the external line.
Installation of domestic water supply
The regulated procedure for the installation of domestic water supply systems:
- Prior to plastering, marking and installation of fasteners for highways is carried out.
- Installation of resource accounting devices.
- Installation of highways with outputs for plumbing equipment.
- Checking pipelines for strength and tightness (pneumatic or hydraulic).
- Installation of water folding fittings in the internal water supply system.
- Installation of fire hydrants.
- Pipe cleaning and disinfection (if necessary).
- Verification of operation and launch of the domestic water supply network.
Pipe installation
The internal fire-fighting water supply is equipped from non-galvanized metal, the production - from plastic, steel, ceramic pipes.
If several inputs are equipped in the building, they are connected to different points of the external water supply. If a common pump is used, the inputs are combined. It is necessary to mount check valves at the inlets when water tanks are used or the inlet chain is combined by a single pipeline inside the building.
From the input of the domestic water supply to the sewage outlet there should be a distance of 1.5 - 3 meters, depending on the diameter of the water pipe. Inlets for various kinds of domestic water supplies can be equipped together.
At the connection point of the input of the internal water supply network to the external water supply, a well is installed where shutoff valves are located. Turns of the highway are strengthened by stops.
Installation of fire networks
Vertical lines of internal fire water supply in houses with a height of more than 17 floors are made by double jumpers, connected from above and below. Internal water supply networks are equipped with 2 exits to the street, fire hoses are connected to them.
Faucets, plugs and other fittings of internal water supply systems are installed in dry, heated places.
During the installation of internal water supply systems, fire hydrants are placed in public places: stairwells, vestibules at a height of 1.35 m. Double hydrants are placed on top of each other, not less than one meter from the floor.
Video about how to check the fire water supply:
