How to properly install and connect a surface pump to a well

On shallow wells and in Abyssinian wells “needles” pressure equipment is used, which is installed on the surface. The operating time of the water supply system and the efficiency of the water intake depend on how correctly the pump station is connected.

Principle of operation of pressure equipment

The station installed on the surface is designed to supply liquid from sources at a shallow depth: up to 8–9 meters. Pressure equipment should not be immersed in water.

The surface pump works according to this principle:

1. The expansion tank or hydraulic accumulator connected to the pump, due to the design, is filled with water to the set level.
2. Automation turns off the pump after the fluid reaches a certain point. Water withdrawal stops.
3. When the liquid level in the drive drops, the automation switches on the pump, and it fills the hydraulic accumulator.

The principle of operation is based on the fact that a vacuum is created in the part of the suction hose that is not lowered into the liquid. Water rises through the conduit due to the difference in pressure between its ends.

Installation of the installation itself is not difficult. To do this, you only need to carefully study the attached manual and connect the details to each other. The installation scheme at the right place and connecting to the well is more complicated.

Choosing a pump and installation location

Choosing the right pressure equipment, you need to focus on the following characteristics:

• Performance. For watering the garden, a pump with an efficiency of about a cube per hour is quite enough, but for the water supply system of the house, it will be necessary to make calculations, taking into account the number of inhabitants and the number of points of water intake. A family of four needs to purchase a pump with an indicator of at least three cubes per hour.
• Depth of water supply. The length of the pipes, their location vertically or horizontally, the size of the source of water supply is taken into account.
• The pressure of the water flow at the very last point of the intake, located as far as possible from the pump. The value should be large enough. The pressure indicator, as a rule, is indicated in the accompanying documentation for the equipment and is measured in atmospheres, bars. You can find the value by summing all the distance segments that the liquid will pass. Every 10 m there is a decrease in one atmosphere.
• The voltage in the electrical network. This indicator is also of great importance, since it affects the performance of the pumping station. With a voltage drop, the pump simply does not have enough power to provide the necessary volume of water for the entire house.

The surface pump, in addition to the water supply to the cottage, can also be used to water the garden, garden or to pump out water from the basement, which is important for areas where spring flooding often occurs. To equip an autonomous water supply system, you need to purchase a pump with a greater capacity than for ordinary irrigation of a greenhouse.

Installation of surface pumps is always carried out on land, since moisture is not allowed into the device. Ideally, the electric pump should be located as close as possible to the source of water supply. Installation in a room with a high moisture concentration, low temperature, poor ventilation and open to atmospheric phenomena is prohibited.

There should be enough space not only for the pumping station, but also for tuning, maintenance, repair work.Installation of pressure equipment in the basement is allowed, but it will not be possible to avoid constant noise.

To mount the unit, small structures are erected near the well or they are equipped with caissons in the ground - insulated structures made of concrete, plastic, or metal. Installation of the latter is carried out below the freezing point of the earth.

If a well of large concrete rings is a water intake point, you can install the pump directly in it. Excavation is not necessary, a durable raft of small size will be required, but that it can withstand the mass of the pump mounted on it. The structure is lowered directly onto the water surface. The disadvantage of this method is that the pressure device will have to be periodically pulled out to adjust the pressure.

Installation Steps

In order to properly install a surface pump in a water supply well, in addition to the electric pump itself, a hydraulic accumulator, automatic equipment for starting and stopping, a pressure switch and a manometer, as well as a mesh filter element and a non-return valve are required. Additional elements can be selected independently or purchased a complete installation. Also needed are fitting elements and pipe sections with a section of 32 or 25 mm for input and output.

Pipes are purchased so that at least 30 cm of the lower part is under a water mirror. The total size should not be larger than indicated in the instructions for the unit.

In the place of installation of pressure equipment it is necessary to build a reliable pedestal or armature to which the unit frame is rigidly fixed. It should have mounting holes or legs. To reduce vibration and noise, a rubber mat is placed under the device.

The surface pump is mounted on the well using the following technology:

1. A piece of polyethylene pipe of the desired length is cut off.
2. A brass or plastic sleeve with a female thread, a nipple and a non-return valve are installed at one end of the pipe section.
3. Additionally, the system is equipped with a mesh filter for rough cleaning.
4. On the opposite side, the pipe is equipped with a coupling and connected to the input of the station. Often there is an internal thread on the inputs, it is sealed with FUM tape or sanitary linen.

For ejector models, a recirculation hose is required.

Connection technology

Before connecting the surface pump to the source, be sure to check the total length of the vertical and horizontal feed pipes. It should not be larger than the size specified in the accompanying documentation for the device.

Connection is carried out according to the following scheme:

1. Connect the pump outlet to the water supply through the stop valves. You will also need a single knee or tee, it depends on the number of wiring.
2. Plug the plug into a 220 V / 50 Hz power socket.
3. Pour water into a special hole on the station casing, which is located near the pump, in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
4. Perform a test run of the unit and wait until the automatic shutdown is activated.
5. Check the indicators in the hydraulic tank by the pressure gauge and compare them with the data of the data sheet of the device. If the values ​​do not match, set the pressure switch.

After filling the battery, you must open the taps, check the pressure and the general functioning of the water supply and plumbing fixtures.

Despite the fact that connecting surface pressure equipment has some difficulties, a careful reading of the manufacturer's instructions, as well as the application of professional advice, will make this task even a novice can do.