A well or a well is being erected for autonomous water supply in a summer cottage or an adjoining area. Before construction it is important to find out whether a license for a hydraulic structure is necessary, and if so, how to carry out the procedure.
The need for licensing for individuals
Water intake devices that do not penetrate the aquifer do not require permission to erect them; you can drill a shallow well or a well at any time. In this case, it is possible to pump water immediately after starting up the hydraulic engineering structure and checking the composition.
Under the Law "On Subsoil" there is no need to coordinate water withdrawal in the following cases:
- The produced fluid is not used for commerce.
- The construction is arranged at the level of the first aquifer.
- The volume of produced fluid per day is not more than 100 "cubes".
- The source is not in the state balance.
Downhole installations are divided into three types: high-water, sand and artesian. The first of them - no more than 5 meters deep. They are more often used for the production of industrial water in SNT for domestic use. The second option is sand devices. They are buried 5-30 meters to the interstratal layer. Drilling of water and sand wells is not necessary.
The third type - artesian - reaches the aquifer, which lies between the layers of limestone rocks. The creation of such a hydraulic structure requires permission. The depth of artesian wells subject to licensing is from 45 to 200 meters.
Required documents
An indispensable condition allowing the creation of deep wells and subsequent water intake is the development of a project for a hydraulic structure and a sanitary zone around it. It can only be performed by a licensed organization. Specialists should conduct prospecting work in the place where the drilling of the pit on the water is supposed. Based on the results, they will create a project taking into account all the features of the relief and the nearest buildings.
In addition to the project, an individual will need:
- application for a license;
- passport and extract from Rosreestr, which confirms the ownership of the land;
- situational, master and cadastral plans;
- Certificate TIN.
The tenant of the land also has the opportunity to create a hydraulic structure if a long-term lease agreement and the consent of the owner are provided.
How and where to get a license
Specialists of the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection, which oversees subsoil use, are engaged in registering the well for water and issuing licenses.
Permission to build a well for individuals is obtained in the following order:
- Calculate the balance of consumed and allocated water in the house or in the country.
- They apply for a conclusion on the right to use water to the local department.
- They order a project for a hydraulic structure and a sanitary security zone in a licensed organization.
- Prepare a set of documents for an application for geological exploration in a particular territory and coordinate it with specialists of the department.
- Geoexpertises are made at the site of the future water intake installation and the project is approved.
- Drilling a borehole mine.
To obtain a license for water use, you need to take water samples from the well at the site and pass them to the laboratory to determine the purity of the liquid by its chemical and bacteriological composition. The results will be confirmed by the report, which should be endorsed by two specialists. On its basis, a sanitary-epidemiological conclusion on water safety is given.
It is also required to create a sanitary security zone. In the fenced area 30 m around the aquifer, the presence of any buildings is not allowed, it is impossible to conduct any economic activity.
After checking all these points by the selection committee, its own deep well will be licensed. The relevant documents will be issued, and the hydraulic structure itself will receive a number in the State Water Cadastre. The license is granted for a period of 25 years, after which it is necessary to repeat the registration procedure.
Terms and cost of obtaining a license
Designing a water intake device requires a lot of time and material costs. Accordingly, with administrative standards, the period during which the application for the use of subsoil is considered is 65 days.
After obtaining the right to use water for the purpose of geological exploration, a project is developed and the water reserves in the source are estimated. How long it will last depends on the organization that the owner of the future well will hire and the complexity of the project.
After that, it will take time to review the design documentation and issue the next permit for the extraction of groundwater.
Registration of works on geological exploration of the territory is carried out within 10 days, design expertise is 70 days. It takes another 90 days to estimate the water reserves in the source that will feed the well. It will take 2 months to obtain a sanitary-epidemiological conclusion in Rospotrebnadzor after drilling a mine. To check all the necessary indicators, it will take another 65 days.
At the same time, it is possible to engage in work on the coordination of the sanitary zone design project. The total duration of all events is on average about a year.
As for the costs of official registration of a hydraulic structure, they add up to several points. The cost of registration of the water intake structure includes:
- design work on the hydraulic structure itself and the creation of a security zone - an average of 100,000 rubles;
- obtaining the conclusions of the sanitary-epidemiological bodies (Rospotrebnadzor) - 80,000 rubles;
- registration of a well in geofunds, registration in the State Water Cadastre –70000 rubles.
The price of drilling a running meter of a mine is determined depending on the type of soil and climatic zone and starts from one and a half thousand rubles.
It turns out that in order to build and design a personal well installation 100 meters deep, you will have to pay 400,000 rubles.
To reduce costs, it is worth building a collective water intake for 10-15 farms, each of which will contribute to the cost of construction and design of a hydraulic structure.
Expert Advice
Obtaining a license for a well requires a lot of work and time and causes significant damage to the budget. In order not to spend too much and not fall for the tricks of private companies, it is worth paying attention to the recommendations of professionals:
- To work with the documentation, you should hire a specialist hydrogeologist with experience in implementing reports on the assessment of groundwater reserves.
- When contacting a private company, try to reduce communication with representatives of the management department to the necessary minimum. We need a hydrogeologist who can see all the nuances even at the initial stages of design.
- One should not be “led” to the assurances of relations in the department and Rospotrebnadzor.In the process of passing the state examination, a commission works, and there is no way to determine who will deal with your issue.
Remember that contacting companies that assure future owners of the wells that all work will be completed within six months or less will result in additional financial costs.
Additional legal requirements
In addition to obtaining a license, according to the law, each owner of a deep well construction must install metering devices and meters for the level of subsurface water on it. The verification of water meter readings is carried out by specialists of Rospotrebnadzor, and the water sensors measuring the level are monitored by the environmental prosecutor's office.
All hydraulic structures in emergency condition, or those that are not used, will have to be liquidated in accordance with the design documents.
Legislatively stipulated that each owner of the well must take measures to prevent depressurization of the casing. This element isolates aquifers while drilling new or restoring existing hydraulic structures.
Another important point is related to the requirement to install monitoring wells with a daily water consumption of more than 100 cubic meters.
Responsibility for operating a well without a license
It is possible to use water intake facilities only if there is a permit document that is provided by law No. 380-FZ. Uncontrolled use of artesian water can lead to the fact that the available sources in this area run out or become contaminated.
Water intake facilities that are not protected by a license are subject to dismantling, and administrative sanctions are applied to their owners. The amount of fines reaches:
- for individuals - 3000–5000 rubles;
- for enterprises - 800,000–1,000,000 rubles;
- for heads of organizations - 30000–50000 rubles.
Even more serious problems will arise if the operation of the well installation has led to pollution or other damage to water resources. It will be required to pay the full amount of compensation by court order.
Well licensing is under state supervision. This procedure is regulated by the normative act "On bowels". Obtaining a license is necessary to regulate groundwater abstraction and protect sources from pollution.
