For a good rest in the summer, a large amount of water is needed - for bathing, watering the site, washing dishes and doing laundry. For these purposes, you need to install a simple pipe line and a septic tank for wastewater. This can be done by a specialized team, which will cost more. Do it yourself with your own hands and connect the water supply.
Summer and winter plumbing in the country
Water supply of the country house can function all year round, or only in the summer. The winter option provides for capital construction in accordance with all standards and technical conditions. Such a water supply system is more expensive, but it can be operated constantly. If people live in the house all year round, it also makes sense to equip the sewer system.
Summer water supply can be stationary or collapsible. In the stationary method, pipes from a well or well are laid in the ground to a shallow depth so that they do not lie underfoot and are not damaged by ultraviolet rays. The only condition for the installation of the summer highway is the bias to the drain. Before the onset of cold weather, all water must be drained so that it does not freeze and the pipes do not burst.
The materials of which the hoses are made are rubber or silicone. They are interconnected by steel or plastic adapters. Service life with proper care more than 15 years.
For pumping water, a submersible pump is used. It is better to buy an automatic one: when the desired pressure in the system is reached, it automatically turns off, and when the pressure drops, it turns on.
The choice of water source
A source of water at a summer cottage may be a well or a well. If you drill a well, it will take about 5 days. Depending on where the groundwater is located, the depth can be from 10 to 30 meters. The disadvantage is that there is a lot of sand in the sand well. This can impede the operation of the pump, or even disable it. You have to put the filters on the suction device. Water is often silted up, as there are much more polluting factors in the upper water layer, especially if there is a sewage pit or septic tank with an open bottom nearby. Such water will have to boil or defend before use. According to the results of analysis of water from most sand wells, it does not correspond to the technical indicators of the composition, therefore, requires additional filtration.
An artesian well is a structure fundamentally different from a sand well. Before drilling for the purpose of obtaining water for own needs, the license may not be obtained. To accurately determine the location, geological exploration is carried out. Depth with which water is supplied from 30 to 250 meters. The advantage of an artesian well:
- Serves over 50 years. For comparison, the life of a sandy one is no more than 10 years.
- The well does not silt, as the water has a natural limestone filter.
- There is no need for continuous operation, so that the water is updated.
- Less substances that pollute the soil. But it is advisable to install a filter, since there are a lot of iron and manganese ions in artesian water.
- During spring snowmelt, the water level does not rise.
The third option of water supply for a summer residence is a well. Suitable for those areas where the water layer is located at least 10 meters. The drawback of the well is a small amount of water. Before deciding to dig it out, you need to calculate the approximate volume of water, which will provide all the needs of residents. You can build a well and bring a pipe with a pump in a week.In a dry summer, the water in the well may decrease, so drilling the well would be the best option.
Design Type Selection
If you equip a well, water from it can be taken both manually and with a pump. To get water from the well, you need to use a special bucket of a special design with a hole in the bottom and a rubber valve. When immersed in water, the valve opens under the action of water; when the bucket is raised, the mass of water does not allow the valve to open. If there is no such device, then in the absence of electricity the pump will stop the water supply to the house.
If you plan to use equipment - a washing machine and a dishwasher, the flow of water into the house should be constant. If the groundwater level is low, the pump may turn off automatically and the equipment will not be able to work.
The third parameter is the price of drilling, the cost of concrete rings for the well. If you dig a well more than 30 meters, it will cost much more than equipping a well 10 meters deep and installing 11 concrete rings 1 meter high each.
Pipe selection
Installation of a water supply system in the country provides for the use of pipes through which liquid will enter the house. The most popular are plastic pipes, for which it is very easy to pick up fittings, tees, couplings and other details. Installation of plastic is not difficult, only one person can do it.
There are special pipes that are designed for laying in the ground under any environmental conditions. They withstand frost, shockproof, stretch if necessary, while not being damaged. It is only necessary to observe the technology of laying in the ground on a sand cushion so that the pipe does not deform during operation.
Plastic is recommended if there are a lot of carbonates in the water. Lime particles do not stick to an absolutely smooth surface and the diameter does not taper over time.
For the inlet pipe, it is important to choose the right diameter so that the pump power matches it. To do this, consider the distance from the well or well to the point of water use in the house. If you plan to buy a pumping station, its location does not play a special role.
Wiring diagram
The complexity of the circuit and the installation of the water supply depends on what time the system is planned to be operated. Garden plumbing from thin hoses or pipes with a small pump capacity can be built in one day and spend a minimum of money on it.
If you make a capital wiring designed for continuous use, the scheme must be carefully calculated, taking into account the number of residents, the location of the septic tank, and the pump capacity relative to the length of the line.
The simplest scheme is to connect the pipe, in which the submersible pump is located, into the well, drain the liquid to the surface and distribute it over the points - garden, garden, house. The main work will be done internally to lay pipes for each appliance that uses water.
In new houses, autonomous water supply is planned at the construction stage, where every detail is taken into account. If the cottage was bought after construction, it will be more difficult to equip autonomous water supply.
A pressure accumulator is a membrane tank that helps maintain pressure in the system. The water supply scheme with a hydraulic accumulator at the cottage from the well is a good solution to protect the pumping station from water hammer, as well as to reduce the number of on-off cycles of the device, which increases its service life. The membrane tank allows you to have a supply of water depending on its volume.
Necessary materials
To equip a conventional well or well, you need:
- Help neighbors for digging a pit for a well. In the case of drilling - a professional team with equipment.
- Technique for installing pipes or concrete rings.
- Pump.
- Pipes for outdoor sewage. Fitting.
For an autonomous system:
- Pump station or surface pump, instruments for adjusting the pressure and adjusting the equipment.
- Pipes and additional parts for wiring from metal-plastic, polyethylene, polypropylene.
- Filters to protect the pump.
- Boiler for heating water of a certain volume.
To install the equipment and connect the pipes, you need a set of tools.
Installation Steps
Summer water supply is easier to assemble. To do this, mark up on the site and dig shallow trenches - up to 35 cm deep. Plastic or silicone pipes are joined together using adapters and connected by a pump. After installation, the trenches are covered with earth and rammed. If you wish for the winter, such a system can be disassembled. If this is not planned, water is drained so that it does not turn into ice and does not break the pipe.
To make water supply in the country in the form of an autonomous system, you need:
- Make an internal wiring and bring the pipe out. Install additional equipment - expansion tank, boiler, electrical panel. An expansion tank is required for uniform water supply. When the pump is turned off, the pressure decreases, and when turned on, it increases. This can lead to the fact that when the pump is turned off, warm water becomes very hot, and when turned on, on the contrary, it cools very much. Swimming in this mode will be uncomfortable.
- Drill a well or dig a well.
- Mark the trenches for external wiring.
- Connect the parts together using fittings. Mineral wool or foam rubber is used to warm the mains.
- Connect the pump.
- After checking the work, you can fill up the trenches.
- Connect and insulate the area at the junction of the external and internal water supply.
It is better to set up the pump in semi-automatic mode, especially if the pump is in a separate room far from home.
The cost of a summer water supply system is very different from an autonomous water supply system, since in the second case more expensive materials are used. The scope of work is also different. If you make the system yourself, you can save money, but in the absence of experience there is a chance to make a mistake, and the system will work intermittently.
