Life in a country house is not only fresh air and silence, but also the need for full autonomous support: water supply, sewage, energy supply. Most often, a well or a well is used as a source of water. It is important to take care of the quality preparation of the liquid for use. A reliable water treatment system for a country house is the key to the health and well-being of each family member.
Why do you need water purification in a private house
Well or well water is not always suitable for drinking and drinking for domestic purposes. Such liquid rises from the bowels of aquifers located at various depths. The lower the reservoir, the more steps of natural cleaning water passes: layers of sand, clay, limestone. In parallel, it is saturated with metal salts, minerals, iron, etc.
In the borehole or well water, fine specks and grains of sand are often present. Such a liquid is unsuitable for drinking and requires high-quality cleaning. Additionally, hard water will more quickly disable household washing equipment, elements of the water supply system.
Even a visually clean liquid without small impurities, changes in color and smell can contain fungus, bacteria, viruses, chlorine, manganese, nitrates, ammonium, etc. As a result of drinking such water, sooner or later a person begins to have problems with the skin, internal organs, teeth, etc.
Types of filters
For a country cottage, you can use a wide variety of filter systems. It can be a rough cleaning system or a standard flow filter for water in a private house in the form of a nozzle. In general, borehole or well water requires several degrees of processing, starting with a mechanical filter. It initially removes all suspensions from the aqueous medium: ferric iron, sand, clay, silt.
Coarse Filters
They are an elongated flask with a metal mesh inside or replaceable cartridges. The latter must be changed regularly (every 1-2 months at least). Depending on the size of the mesh cells, the device is able to sift from a particle stream of 0.001 microns. The finer the filter element, the faster it will clog.
Coarse filters are mounted immediately at the pipe inlet from the source. Thus, the pumping equipment is protected from small particles entering the working chamber.
The main advantages of the devices are the removal of primary large suspensions from the water, a long service life at an optimal cost. Among the disadvantages are the inability to remove organic impurities from the water, salts of heavy metals, viruses and bacteria.
Ion exchange filters
The plants have the form of a sealed container with a special filtering filling in the form of a five-component resin. When liquid enters the flask, its ions saturate the liquid. At the same time, cations of manganese, calcium, iron, and other impurities present in the treated medium come in their place. The result is a qualitative softening of the liquid.
The performance of the ion exchange filter directly depends on the volume of the resin backfill.
Of the advantages of such installations are:
- easy to understand installation and maintenance;
- complete removal of all dissolved impurities (except hardness salts);
- quick softening of water from a well or well.
The disadvantages include:
- the need to regularly change expensive resin cartridges;
- insufficient filter performance due to the low rate of ion exchange (the problem is often solved with the help of catalysts);
- the need for special conditions for the disposal of waste resin.
Ion exchange filters are good for a family of 2-3 people with high water hardness and moderate fluid flow.
Carbon filter
The treatment equipment also has the form of a reservoir filled with sorption material - activated carbon. It is able to qualitatively clean the liquid from organics, metal salts, iron, etc.
Carbon filters are one of the points of post-treatment of the medium supplied to the house. If the liquid does not contain suspensions, the equipment can be used as the only means of cleaning. The main advantages of the installations include:
- unpretentiousness in service (regular replacement of coal cartridges is required);
- excellent quality of drinking water at the outlet;
- universality.
The most obvious disadvantages of the carbon filter:
- Low coal throughput and low plant productivity.
- Propensity to multiply in the filter bed of bacteria, microorganisms during contamination.
- Dependence of the service life of the equipment on the dimensions of the installation (the smaller the cartridge, the sooner its operation will end).
If the water is strongly oversaturated with bacteria, impurities, salts of heavy metals, it is advisable to use any other preliminary method of filtering the liquid.
Reverse Osmosis Systems
Water station with several steps for water purification for the house. The medium thus treated is 99.9% free from impurities. The principle of operation of the equipment is the passage of water through special membranes under high pressure. Only H2O molecules pass through the barrier. The purified medium additionally passes through another reservoir, where it is saturated with substances useful for the human body, microelements.
Advantages of reverse osmosis plants:
- high degree of water purification;
- sufficient performance;
- long term of operation;
- optimal dimensions.
Of the minuses distinguish the cost of equipment. However, the high price later justifies itself with the excellent quality of drinking water.
Aerators
Installations are suitable for high-quality iron removal. Using aeration, it is possible to remove divalent metals from the treated medium. The device has the form of a flask through which water passes and is saturated with oxygen. Due to oxidative processes, all dissolved impurities take the form of suspensions and precipitate.
The main advantages of aerators are a high degree of purification of water from dissolved metals, an acceptable cost, an understandable principle of operation. However, the equipment flask must be regularly cleaned of accumulated deposits.
Among all the water treatment systems presented there are trunk installations and filter nozzles. The latter cleans the medium being processed directly when it is fed to the tap by the user. The main features of the nozzles are compactness, reasonable cost. However, such filters have low performance and demanding pressure (at high - the filtering process will be inferior). In addition, the life of the nozzles is several times lower.
Criterias of choice
When choosing equipment for water treatment in a private house, it is extremely important to make a detailed analysis of the liquid from the source. It allows you to accurately determine what problem you have to deal with: metal salts, manganese or ferric iron, sand, gases, bacteria, viruses.
You need to choose a filter, guided by the following criteria:
- fluid analysis results;
- water consumption per family (volume consumed);
- equipment performance;
- system pressure;
- the need for multi-component liquid purification;
- duration of operation of the installation;
- principles, complexity of operation and maintenance.
It will be useful to pay attention to the presence of a service center or service company in the region for the selected type of equipment. If the installation does not require complex service, you need to take into account the presence in the free sale of components: replaceable cartridges, nets, etc.
Rating of the best filters for water purification in a private house
For a country cottage, filtering systems and installations are more often purchased:
- Pitchers "Barrier" or "Aquaphor". The easiest of all types of home equipment. The action of the device is that cold water, which has passed the primary mechanical treatment, is poured into the primary tank with a carbon cartridge. The liquid passes through several layers of backfill and flows into the lower receiver. After that, it is ready for use. In addition to standard jugs, Aquaphor offers the consumer coarse filters, nozzles for cranes and complete water treatment systems.
- Geyser installations. The brand offers reverse osmosis individual equipment, trunk ultrafiltration systems, standard jugs. The price of the units is moderately high, but the cost is fully justified by the final quality of the liquid. After-sales service of multistage equipment at a high level in Russia.
- Atoll filters. The company supplies to the market main water filters for a private house, fine cleaning equipment, as well as standard nozzle sets. Atoll equipment copes well with pesticides, dissolved organics, and chlorine. Installations are easy to install and maintain. Atoll filters feature a completely transparent housing. Thus, the user can see the performance of the filters.
- Converter "AquaShield" (electromagnetic filter). The equipment purifies water due to its irradiation with an electromagnetic field. As a result, there is no lime deposit on the walls of boilers and other installations. Among the AquaShield equipment there are trunk filters and standard flow nozzles. It is better to install electromagnetic filters on hard water from a lime well.
- BWT filters. Effective devices for high-quality water treatment. The brand has a wide range of installations. The cost of the filters is impressive.
Installations of Russian production confidently compete with equipment of European companies.
The cost of filtering devices
Prices for installations by the principle of cleaning:
- mechanical coarse filters - 3,000-5,000 rubles;
- ion exchange - from 16,000 to 40,000 rubles;
- coal - an average of 22,000 rubles;
- reverse osmosis - from 35,000 to 100,000 rubles;
- iron removers (aerators) - about 25,000 rubles. and higher.
In addition to the cost, you should immediately estimate the approximate price of the installation service.
Consumer Reviews
Nikolay, 34 years old. I have a private house with a hole in the sand. In addition to the fact that the water is saturated with grains of sand, the result showed an admixture of nitrates. I installed a coarse filter right at the entrance and then in the basement the Geyser reverse osmosis unit. It has been working for a year now. We live in the house all the time. We drink water from the tap, because reverse osmosis cleans the liquid by 99.9%. Everything is fine. The analysis also confirmed this.
Stas, 37 years old. My well in the country gives water with impurities of magnesium and calcium bicarbonate. In addition to mechanical cleaning of insects and sand, he installed an ion-exchange unit for washing. The work scheme is clear to me. With economical water consumption for two people, everything is fine. Change cartridges regularly.
