What determines the normal functioning of the heating system? There are several objective factors that directly affect the efficiency indicators, reliability and preservation of its operational qualities. Therefore, first of all, you need to know how to properly start the heating system in the house. It is best to consider this procedure as an example of an autonomous system of a country cottage.
Preparing the heating system for launch
In the vast majority of cases, heating is inactive in the summer. Therefore, you should check the safety and reliability of its main components, as well as conduct a series of preparatory work. Before starting a closed heating system, you need to find out the degree of deviation of its actual parameters from the calculated ones.
First, a visual inspection of the main and radiators is carried out. For the owner should not be a priority question - how to start the heating battery. It is necessary to check its body for possible mechanical damage, as well as to check the reliability of the connection to the pipeline.
Along with this, monitoring and preventive maintenance of the following plan are carried out:
- Checking the chimney system. How to start the heating boiler, if the draft in the chimney is not enough to maintain the combustion process? Therefore, they perform cleaning of the inner cavity from soot, and also check the integrity of the pipe. Brick structures can be “updated” by replacing the destroyed bricks. Rust may appear on galvanized pipes and should be removed;
- Visual inspection of pipes. Since starting heating without this will be simply dangerous - you need to find out if all the pipes have remained tight, whether there are any cracks or obvious defects in the system;
- Monitoring the condition of radiators. You need to know that before starting heating in an apartment building, the management company must warn the tenants. They, in turn, check the condition of the batteries. It is not allowed to disconnect individual radiators from the network. During the filling of pipes with coolant, the absence of leaks is checked.
These are general rules, without which the first start of heating is not recommended. But how to start heating in a private house correctly? To do this, it is recommended to perform a number of procedures.
A test run of heating in an apartment building is carried out 1.2-2 months before the start of the heating season. During its implementation, it is recommended to stay at home to check for leaks.
Filling the heating system with coolant
We must once again recall that before starting the heating system at home - a visual inspection of all elements is performed. If necessary, replacement of individual components and components is done. Only then can the procedure for filling with coolant be started.
In the absence of water on the inner walls of the radiators and the heat exchanger, a small amount of rust will inevitably form. Therefore, before the coolant is filled, it is recommended to clean the system.
Flushing the heating system
If the coolant still remains in the pipes, you need to remove it. This can be done through a special pipe located at the lowest point in the system. There should be a make-up unit. Only after this can the problem continue to be solved - how to properly start the heating system.
For closed heating circuits with forced circulation, hydrodynamic flushing is recommended.To do this, you should purchase (or rather, rent) a special pump with filtration and a chamber for cleaning fluid.
Flushing procedure:
- Connection of pump nozzles to the system;
- Launch and visual control of the degree of water pollution, which went through a full cycle through the pipeline;
- If necessary, replace the fluid with a new one;
- Do a few washing cycles until the water is completely clean.
After that, pressure testing is performed. Before starting the heating radiator, you need to check the status of its connection with the pipeline. It is recommended to replace the gaskets, as well as to check the integrity of the couplings.
To start a closed heating system, an increased amount of coolant (or air) is pumped into the pipeline. This is necessary to verify the reliability of the connecting elements of the system. The pressure value must exceed the nominal 1.2 times.
The liquid after flushing cannot be drained into the sewer. It contains harmful components that will adversely affect the operation of autonomous sewage.
Adding coolant to heating systems
As a coolant, you can use ordinary distilled water or antifreeze. Filling is done through a sub-item node located at the lowest point.
This is important, because when you try to add water through other pipes located above, the likelihood of air congestion will increase. In order to make the heating battery start correctly, it is recommended to check the availability of Mayevsky taps and their operability. To do this, open each of them. Then you need to adhere to the following procedure:
- Air and bleed valves located at the highest point in the system open;
- The tap of the filing unit opens smoothly. The water pressure should be small so that air jams do not form;
- After coolant flows from the nozzles of the air and drain valves, they should be shut off;
- Mayevsky's taps remain open until a coolant begins to flow from each instead of air. This is important since starting the heating boiler in the presence of air locks can damage the entire system.
If pressure testing has not been done before, it can be done while filling with water. Pressure control when starting heating at the stage of filling with water is carried out using pressure gauges installed on the boiler, safety group and collectors.
If you plan to fill the system with antifreeze - you need to use propylene glycol. Unlike ethylene glycol, it is completely safe for humans.
First start of the heating boiler
The procedure for the first start-up of the boiler before the start of the heating season depends on its model and type. But despite this, a visual check of his condition is performed. This is one of the most important stages preceding the final launch of heating in a private house.
The heat exchanger is one of the most “vulnerable” element of the boiler. Its verification is mandatory, because during operation of the device it is constantly exposed to high temperatures. Along with the task of starting a heating radiator, the preparation of the boiler is one of the most important during the process.
Solid fuel boiler
Before the start of the heating system has not yet taken place, a comprehensive monitoring of the state of the solid fuel boiler is performed. Its surface is cleaned of rust, the efficiency of the manometer and thermometer is checked.
Then the following stages of the correct start of the heating system follow:
- Sedum firebox and ash pan from soot. This can be done with a brush for metal;
- Checking the condition of the chimney. Its pipe must be securely connected to the boiler nozzle.
For pyrolysis and pellet models, the operation of the electronic control unit, fans and nozzles is tested. If the heating system starts up correctly, the incorrect functioning of these elements can lead to sharp temperature jumps, which directly affects the condition of other components.
In the room where the solid fuel boiler is located, do not store flammable substances. To store fuel, you also need to allocate a separate room or extension.
Gas boiler
Before starting a gas heating boiler, you should familiarize yourself with its instructions. For different models, the order of the steps may vary slightly. This is due to various types of construction. This is especially true for condensation models, in which during operation it is necessary to trace the correct formation of condensate. Without it, heating the secondary heat exchanger will be impossible.
How to start heating with a gas boiler? After filling the system with water, you need to do the following:
- At the bottom of the boiler there is a valve that blocks the flow of water into the circuits. After the heating season is over, it can be shut off. Therefore, you need to open it - while the pressure gauge readings will change. Pressure value should not exceed 3 atm;
- After heating the coolant, it is necessary to open the make-up valve again. If air jams remain in the system, you can remove them using Mayevsky taps. System pressure during this phase may decrease slightly;
- It is necessary to carry out the start of the drowning radiator in fact 2 times. The first - during filling with coolant, and the second - when the boiler is turned on;
- The correct functioning of the boiler is controlled by the values on the dashboard.
The result of starting heating in a private house should be a stable temperature regime of the entire system, as well as the absence of pressure surges in the pipes.
Often, the service for the first launch of a gas boiler is provided by specialized service centers from manufacturers. Their prices are much lower than other companies.
Checking the elements of the heating system
You need to remember about other elements of the system. After all, without their correct operation, it is impossible to properly start the heating system. First of all, it is necessary to check the normal functioning of measuring instruments - manometers of thermometers.
The operation of protective components must also be monitored. The correct start of the heating system can be disrupted if the seats of the air vent or drain valve are not able to move due to rust or limescale. To do this, manually open each of them.
In the expansion tank, the pressure of the air chamber is controlled. It should be higher than the nominal value in the system by 5-7%. If the design of the tank provides for the possibility of replacing the membrane, you need to disassemble it and check its condition.
Currently, the launch of the heating system is very rare. It is impossible to indicate at least indicative prices - in most cases, the price is formed on an individual basis. Its size directly depends on the current state of the system and its complexity.
In the video material you can get acquainted with the technology of filling the heating system with a coolant.
