The need to create a treatment plant such as a drain pit arises quite often, this is due to the lack of access to the sewage system. There are many varieties and methods of installing drain pits.
The drain pit, provided it is properly installed, allows the substances to partially absorb into the ground without harm. The popularity of such a treatment plant is primarily due to the simplicity and speed of installation. Given the lack of additional assistance, one person is able to completely complete the entire amount of work within a few days.
Where to start
Before starting the installation of the drain pit, you should think about operating problems. It is important to choose the volume of the pit and not to forget about the problem of pumping sewage. For example, in rural areas simple designs are used. They are rooted barrels or tanks that have served their time. Even such a simple design will achieve the task. It will provide partial filtration and sewage collection, but at the same time the daily volume cannot exceed 1 cubic meter. Despite the simplicity and convenience of the design, sanitary services do not approve of them.
A drain pit installed in a private house should provide filtering of wastewater, be equipped with a gas pipe, since methane gas is formed during waste processing. The bottom of the pit is poured with rubble to filter sewage, which fall into the tank through the sewer pipe. This simple design is suitable for homes that are rarely used. With active use, the drain hole will constantly fill up, which will require frequent cleaning.
Most often, in the suburban areas, a simple design is used, because the residence in them is unstable. But even a simple design requires some nuances to be taken into account:
- Fortified walls of the pit - water can provoke collapse, therefore, they use various tanks, concrete rings, brickwork.
- The correct calculation of the volume of the pit, most often 3 cubic meters or more. As a rule, 1 cubic meter per 1 person.
- Increase recycling through ventilation.
Drain pits can be divided into types of execution: storage from concrete, brick, temporary and with water drainage to the ground.
Concrete Drain Pit
It has some advantages: durability and reliability of concrete, ease of installation, speed of construction. The construction process includes digging a pit of a given volume, leveling the bottom, installing concrete rings and installing supports, as well as fastening the rings together. After that, an overlap is established, which should be 30 cm or more above the ground level. In this design, concrete rings with holes can be used to partially withdraw water.
Brick drain pit
The use of ceramic bricks will make it possible to obtain a durable and solid construction, which is the most suitable option. The construction process includes several stages. The bottom of the pit is inoculated with crushed stone and sand of different fractions 20 cm thick. When laying a brick, a gap of 5 cm should be left on the sides. Coarse gravel is poured from the outside. When erecting such a treatment plant, it is not worth saving due to the masonry of 1/2 brick. The overlap may be too heavy, which will lead to the destruction of the structure.
Wood drain pit
Structures of such materials are being built for a while. Given the high-quality processing of wood, such a design will last no more than 10 years. However, it has the advantage of being cheap. The construction of the structure also does not take much time.It is characterized by good soil insulation, but it is still inferior to other types of structures.
Temporary drain pit
A structure may be constructed from a variety of suitable items. For example, used car tires. The disadvantages of using tires include a small inner diameter, as a result of which the pit will fill up quickly. However, such a pit is built quite quickly and does not require much effort. The advantage is low cost or its complete absence. The design is limited in use and cannot be used to drain the wastewater of the entire house due to its small volume.
To increase processing efficiency and durability, pits most often adhere to certain conditions:
- Bottom drainage should be 10 cm or more to prevent premature filling.
- Installing asbestos pipes at the bottom with a protrusion of 50 cm in a vertical position will improve drainage.
- If the drain pit is not enough, you can complicate the design. After digging an additional hole, it must be connected to the first.
- Overlapping the pit should not be done below ground level, otherwise it will overflow during rain.
- Installation of vents to remove gas accumulations.
It is not worth starting the construction of such a structure if the details are not thought out. The required volume will depend on the frequency of use. The selected type of construction will affect financial investments. Sometimes a temporary structure is enough, and in some cases it will be unacceptable.
