In order for the local sewage system in the country house to work correctly, it is necessary to equip the drain tank. The cheapest way to drain sewage is to drain the pit. You can do it yourself, while saving on materials and choosing the best option for the characteristics of the soil on the site.
In the article we will talk about several ways to equip a cesspool.
Preparatory work
Before directly installing the pit, you need to choose a suitable place, calculate the capacity of the pit, while taking into account the norms of SNIP.
If this is not done, the owner of a private house may have problems:
- sewer system may not work well;
- you will often need to pump out the drain pit, which takes time and requires money.
The location of the cesspool is determined by law, if they are not followed, the owner can be fined.
The cesspool should be located 3 m from the trees and gardens, 4-5 m from the road, 10 m from the rivers, 30 m from the reservoir and 50 m from the well with drinking water.
We make a cesspool on our own
It’s not difficult to arrange a drain hole yourself. This sewer system consists of:
- excavated pit;
- special capacity for stock water;
- pipeline;
- fastener systems;
- filters for cleaning;
- sealants.
The pit installation process is standard, the materials themselves will directly differ (depending on what the pit will be made of - brick, wood or concrete):
- Dig a pit.
- Arrange the walls and lay a pipe through which liquid will enter the tank.
- Connect the outgoing pipe through which the drains will leave the tank.
- Mount the sewer.
- Mount the obkop (30 cm high), install a concrete slab with a hatch on it.
- It happens that the plate is covered with earth, level the surface. Luke do not fall asleep.
Temporary drain pit
A pit for a short period of time can be made of tires. This is the most economical option, but not the most environmentally friendly. It is necessary to collect the required number of tires, depending on the size of the pit and cover them with walls. True, old tires have a very large throughput, and the soil is very dirty. If the owners come to the house only for the summer, you can not make the pit too deep, it will be enough to excavate a depth of up to one and a half meters.
Wood pit
The type of wooden cesspool is also referred to as temporary pits. Since such a design will last a maximum of 10 years. This is its main minus. The rest of the installation of the pit is economical: both in time and in money.
The boards to be used must be treated with a special protective solution before installation.
The design is carried out from the boards brought together among themselves in the form of a box, it is easy to mount and dismantle it.
They do not recommend making sides more than 1 meter, otherwise the strength of the box will decrease.
Installation process:
- We determine the size of the future pit and tear out the pit.
- We pound four shields from the boards, pin the shields to the bars (not tight).
- We put the shields in the pit, set the spacers.
- We lay several metal pipes on top for strength.
- We close the construction with boards.
- Cover with a water-repellent material, for example, roofing cloth.
- We fall asleep with the earth.
It is recommended to equip such a hole in the inaccessible territory of the site so that the structure does not collapse ahead of time.
Brick pit
To equip the pit, red brick is used, best of all - burnt brick.
Advantages of a brick drain pit:
- long service life;
- good tightness;
- can be equipped in any soil.
Minuses:
- square holes cannot withstand heavy loads;
- the cost of a brick pit is higher than when installing a plastic tank.
Installation Procedure:
- Dig a pit.
- We level the bottom and make a pillow of crushed stone about half a meter or concreted.
- We lay the walls with continuous brick, fill the joints with a solution of sand-cement mixture.
In order to correctly calculate the number of bricks that will be needed for installation, it is necessary to divide the estimated height of the walls of the structure by the height of the brick row (adding 6 mm to the seams).
It is advised to organize a "pocket" of about 10 cm between the brick and the pipeline. This protects the structure from deformation during shrinkage.
- We begin to lay the brick 30 cm below the surface level, then we make the overlap: we equip the crate with a hole for the hatch, armopoyas and fill the slab with concrete.
- After you can fill the stove with earth.
If the house is located in a region with frosty winters, the layer of land needs to be increased to half a meter that the pit did not freeze.
Concrete
The construction of a concrete pit is the best option for a private house.
Pros:
- It can be operated both in winter and summer.
- It does not deform under the influence of soil viscosity.
- Service life - up to 50 years.
- No regular repairs needed.
Minuses:
- will have to attract special equipment: for immersing the rings in the pit;
- high cost of reinforced concrete rings.
Installation Procedure:
- We dig a pit and arrange a pillow from rubble.
- We make a concrete screed or install a finished concrete product slab as a base.
- We place the rings in the pit (the number depends on the number of people in the family and the regularity of visiting the house)
- We make holes for communications.
- Coat pipe joints and concrete joints with sealant, then cover with water-repellent mortar and plaster the inner surface.
- We mount a plate with a hatch on top and fall asleep on top of the ground.
Which method of manufacturing a cesspool is to be chosen depends on the regularity of use, the required service life and the financial capabilities of the owners.
If you need a pit "for life", of course, it must be made of concrete. For a small country house, which come for the summer, it is quite possible to get along with a small wooden pit.
If finances do not allow you to purchase reinforced concrete rings and call for special equipment, you can lay out a brick hole. This is also a durable option.
