The population of our country lives both in cities and outside them. In order for life and relaxation outside the city to be comfortable, it is necessary that communal amenities be present on the site, in particular water and a sewage disposal system. To do this, in the suburban areas, individual wells are drilled for water and local sewage systems are installed. The main thing when carrying out these works is not to violate the installation rules, to observe the regulated distance between the water source and the septic tank so as not to harm yourself and others.
Septic tank: what is the danger
A septic tank is a tank or a local treatment plant where sewage is collected and treated. In case of disruption of its operation, accident and depressurization, construction can be dangerous for the environment. Criteria have been developed for the location of the septic tank on the site in relation to other objects - the house, garden and garden, the border of the site, well or well.
Wastewater discharged into a septic tank contains many substances that can poison the environment if it enters it. This means household chemicals, feces, waste, food and other waste. And, in the event of an accident, when sewage enters the soil, it becomes toxic, unsuitable for growing any kind of garden or garden crops. If the distance from the sewage treatment plant to the foundation of a residential building is less than that laid down by SNiP, then in the event of a depressurization of the device and leakage, washing out and destruction of the foundation, and with it the house, is possible. And the smell that appears in the house when the septic tank is improperly installed can bring a lot of trouble.
When planning a site and choosing the optimal place for installing a sewer station, the most important thing is to carefully observe the norms for the distance from the septic tank to the water well so that possible wastewater leaks do not reach water horizons and do not infect or poison drinking water. In the event of such an infection, water can not be consumed, the risk of severe poisoning is great. Especially dangerous is such poisoning for children, when it comes to the hospitalization of the poisoned.
Basic installation rules
The basic rules for installing local sewage facilities are spelled out in the documents listed below, which should be carefully studied before installing a sewage treatment plant:
- SNiP 2.04.03-85;
- SNiP 2.04.01-85;
- SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1200-03;
- SanPiN No. 2.1.5.980-00.
According to sanitary regulations, from the place of localization of wastewater to the facility should be a distance of at least:
- The foundation of the house is 5 meters or more. But it should be noted that a significant increase in this distance complicates the creation of a slope for a gravity drain system and can lead to complex blockages.
- To the border of the site with a road embankment - 5 m
- To the garden - 5 m
- To household buildings on your own plot - 1 m
- To the neighboring section - 2 m, if there are no objects, constructions, wells, sheds or other communications on this section, if they are present, then the distance is considered from them, and not from the fence
- To the gas pipe - 5 m
- To the pond or lake - 30 m
- To a stream or river - 10 m
- And the most important distance - to the well or well - 20-80 m
The distance that should be from the septic tank to the well is determined by several parameters - the design of the septic tank, the type of well, the slope of the plot, the depth of the aquifer, and the composition of the soil.
For artesian wells in poorly water-tight dense clay or stone soils, this distance is 30 m - deep-seated waters, separated from the above ground water by water-resistant layers, are well protected from possible contamination and infection from sewage septic tanks. For “sand” wells drilled in sandy, crushed, rather loose soils that easily pass water, the distance to the treatment facilities is 50 m - the water in them, fed from highly located aquifers, is not protected from possible pollution.
When installing a septic tank in clay soil, it is possible to maintain a minimum distance of 20 m. Loam causes this distance to increase to 35 m, and with sandy or sandy soil that perfectly passes water, the distance should be as large as possible, up to 50-80 m. In practice landowners are trying to locate sewage facilities at the maximum possible distance from wells and wells.
How to influence regulations
It is possible to reduce the distance that is prescribed to comply with SNiP, especially in the cramped conditions of small areas. It is necessary to choose an alternative to septic tank.
Instead, you can put a sealed storage tank, most often used made of durable plastic. The size and shape of the drive is selected depending on the parameters of the installation site, the intensity of water consumption, and, accordingly, water disposal and the number of people living. The tank itself is inexpensive, but you will have to regularly pay for the pumping of wastewater with sewage pumps.
It may be worthwhile to purchase a biological aerobic or anaerobic station with a complete water purification system through a special type of bacteria. The requirements for distances when installing such a station to objects are completely different, which allows it to be used in small areas. But the price of this type of septic tank is quite high, it is also worth noting its inability to work autonomously, since it requires electricity to run fully.
Conclusion
The distance from the water intake site to the place of localization of wastewater should be strictly at least 20 meters. Neglecting this condition when installing water intake and sewage facilities exposes the risk of poisoning to users of the water source.
Failure to comply with SNiP requirements may result in penalties from the SES and even a ban on the use and forced dismantling of an improperly installed septic tank. And with water contamination and harm to the health and property of citizens, liability may come up to the criminal.
