For the removal and disposal of domestic wastewater in a private house or in a summer cottage, the simplest sewer systems are constructed - cesspools. The construction of such treatment facilities does not take much time and does not require large cash costs. But over time, the capacity of the cesspool is filled and it must be cleaned. There are methods for cleaning the cesspool without pumping.
When to clean a pit
A cesspool needs to be cleaned if:
- an unpleasant odor appeared;
- draining water from sinks, sinks, toilet bowl has become slower;
- there are midges, flies in the area where the cesspools are located;
- drain filling 2/3 pits.
It is necessary to carry out cleaning systematically, at least 1 time per year.
Non-pumping cleaning methods
There are 2 methods for cleaning a cesspool without pumping:
- Biological
- Chemical.
Biological treatment is a safe way to get rid of sludge, hard feces and fats. After processing the waste with bacteria grown artificially, the contents turn into a safe liquid and the unpleasant odor disappears. Biological products do not harm human health and the environment.
Biological products are divided into 2 types:
- Septic tanks. They decompose waste and improve the drainage layer.
- Antiseptics. They disinfect cesspools, recycle solid waste into compost and prevent the development of pathogenic microbes and pathogens of invasive diseases. Compost can be used for agricultural purposes.
Bacterial agents are divided into:
- aerobic;
- anaerobic;
- activators.
Aerobic bacteria use oxygen to develop. For anaerobic bacteria, oxygen is not needed and even fatal, therefore they are used in sealed containers. Recycled liquid can be used to water plants.
Bioactivators additionally contain enzymes. The composition may include aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Used both independently and to revitalize bacteria after cold weather.
Beneficial microorganisms are sensitive to ambient temperature. For development and vital activity a high temperature is required, but not more than + 30 +. In the winter and autumn periods, bacteria do not die, but cease to multiply. Using household chemicals is detrimental to bacteria, especially those that contain chlorine. However, bioactivator compounds capable of processing paper and fabrics are resistant to detergents. To prepare a working solution of a biological product, granules or powder is dissolved in a small amount of water. For a capacity of 2 m³, it is enough to dilute 1/2 cups of biological product in 10 l of water. Stir and let it brew for 2 hours. After which, the solution is poured into the pit.
Chemicals should be used rationally in winter when biological products do not work. It should be remembered that chemical agents adversely affect the environment and are harmful to human health. Due to their high toxicity, formaldehyde preparations and quicklime are no longer used. The following chemicals based on the following are suitable for cleaning and disinfecting cesspools:
- ammonium compounds;
- nitric (nitrate) oxidizing agents.
Ammonium compounds are effective, but toxic, their effect has not been fully studied, therefore, it should be used with caution and do not drain the remaining fluid into the soil. Dissolve organic compounds, decompose fecal matter, turning under the action of water into an alkaline solution. Their effectiveness may decrease when interacting with household chemicals (washing powders, detergents).Preparations containing ammonium compounds are not expensive, but their evaporation is harmful to human health and pollutes the environment.
The safest chemical reagent is a nitrogen (nitrate) oxidizing agent, which is similar in composition to nitrogen fertilizer. It liquefies waste, neutralizes unpleasant odors, and has a high price. The effectiveness of the action does not decrease even in contact with aggressive household chemicals. It should not be used in pits with metal structures, due to corrosion.
Chemicals are used to dissolve silty deposits and solid particles, neutralize harmful bacteria and unpleasant odors, and also prevent the spread of larvae and insects.
Prevention to reduce pit cleanings
Proper operation of the system and its prevention will prevent siltation of the pit and malfunctions in the sewage system. To do this, follow the rules of use:
- do not dump garbage into the sewage system;
- clean the sewage with caustic soda, it dissolves fat deposits;
- eliminate leaks in the system and do not allow the bottom of the cesspool to dry when using biological products;
- correctly calculate the volume of the pit;
- choose a biological product with a smaller amount of insoluble residue;
- use chemicals;
- rinse the hole with clean water;
- create a thermal insulation of the tank to prevent freezing of the waste mass;
- make a cesspool with overflow (waste enters the first compartment, settles, then overflows into the second without solid waste).
Comparison with pumping a hole
With the help of a cesspool machine
It is necessary to consider:
- access area;
- during the work there is an unpleasant odor;
- the distance from the machine to the cleaning facility is not more than 4 meters;
- the depth of the cesspool is not more than 3 meters;
- after pumping, the earth does not absorb water well and it has to be pumped out more often;
- the service is not cheap.
Independently
This work is extremely unpleasant, time-consuming, requires the preparation and solution of a number of issues on:
- disposal of sewage;
- the acquisition of special equipment (fecal pump, sludge pump);
- needs for a sealed container for disposal of contents;
- respiratory tract protection;
- the use of a protective suit, rubber boots, gloves.
The use of biological and chemical preparations reduces labor costs and is not expensive. Before buying, you need to study which drug is best used in a particular case or consult a specialist. As a result of the right choice and use, drainage will be restored, the amount of waste reduced, the cesspool will be disinfected and the unpleasant odor will disappear.
