How to install an electric wire bell in an apartment with your own hands

An electric bell is widely used by unauthorized persons if it is necessary to get into houses and other objects. With their help, it is possible to transmit an audio signal over significant distances. To form a call, modern devices use an electronic circuit built either on semiconductor elements (transistors) or on modern microcircuits.

The device and principle of operation

The doorbell electric is extremely simple and consists of a limited number of parts. Its design contains the following components and components:

• the door button, made to the front door, usually it is mounted on a side jamb;
• a ringing signal generating unit located inside the serviced object: the entrance of an apartment building or apartment;
• a set of wires used to connect these nodes and ensure their joint work.

In modern models of electronic calls, called wireless, instead of line cables, a radio channel is used, that is, the ringing signal is transmitted over the air.

The principle of operation of wire-type doorbells is based on the activation of an electromechanical mechanism or electronic circuit, to which, at the touch of a button, a network voltage of 220 volts is applied. Under its influence, changes occur inside the actuator, causing the formation of a ringing signal. In the first case, an electromagnetic relay is activated, activating a vibrating hammer, periodically striking the bronze cups.

In electronic models, after applying voltage and lowering it to an acceptable level, an electronic signal is generated in the circuit and fed to an acoustic transducer (speaker). For wireless calling devices, the same process is repeated exactly, except that the control signal is transmitted over the air.

Types of calls

According to the principle of generating a ringing signal, a wired call can have the following designs:

• electromechanical call devices;
• electronic calls.

Electronic devices can have a volume control placed on the front panel, which allows you to change the level of the signal supplied to the built-in speaker.

Differences in the operation of electronic and electromechanical samples are manifested in different mechanisms of transformation and supply of a ring signal. In addition, by the method of transmitting an information package, electronic calls are divided into wired devices and their wireless counterparts (radio-controlled models). By the type of signal that provides the user with information about the call, they can be audio or visual (the latter category refers to video recorders). At the place of its location, all existing models of electric ringing devices are divided into street and intra-apartment calls.

Analysis of varieties of ringing mechanisms and selection criteria

Electromechanical door bells with shock mechanism are outdated for a long time and are found today only among pensioners and in rural areas. They were replaced by electronic analogues, in which there is not a single mechanical unit. A call to a wired electronic type apartment is made in the form of a circuit board, on which there are elements of a generator circuit on transistors capable of reproducing sound through a speaker.

Sometimes the shaper of the ringing signal is assembled on the basis of a specialized "musical" chip, which forms several melodies. These calls are more preferable than the outdated electromechanical model, but in turn are inferior in terms of ease of use of radio-controlled analogs. The installation of such a product will require much less time, since in this situation there is no need to lay electrical wires. However, for all these advantages, you have to pay the high cost of wireless devices.

What is important to consider when choosing

It is possible to choose a good and reliable electric wire call to the apartment only after all the pros and cons of the options considered are weighed. If you need an inexpensive and easy-to-use device, it is best to choose a regular electric bell with an electronic circuit that forms several tunes. In a situation where there is no desire to mess with the wiring or it is impossible to lay it and at the same time, the issue of expenses does not bother the user, the most suitable option is a radio-controlled device.

When choosing a wireless or wired electric call to the apartment, it is also important to consider the installation location of the door button: on the street or in the entrance. In the first case, it should have a high degree of protection against destructive factors, determined by the technical indicator IP (the higher the better). It characterizes the level of its tightness, which prevents the penetration of dust and moisture.

A set of products installed indoors can include a ringing device, which has the usual design with IP 20-44, for example.

Mounting Features

The installation order of the elements of the calling device depends on its modification and configuration, which are considered for each option separately. In any case, before starting work, you will need to prepare the following tool:

• indicator screwdriver;
• ordinary screwdriver;
• side cutters - necessary to bite off the conductor of the desired length.

From materials you need to prepare miniature adapter pads with slots for a screwdriver and two pieces of wiring of the required length.

Mounting a wired device

Calls to a wire-type door are set at their place of work in the following sequence:

1. It is necessary to disconnect the apartment by turning off the opening circuit breaker.
2. A box with an electronic circuit is taken, from which two white conductors are brought out, and hung on the screws screwed into the wall.
3. It is necessary to connect one end of the wire through a miniature adapter block to a brown core, supplied from the phase terminal of the input board or the distribution box.
4. The second end, using the same block, connects to a long piece of wire laid along the wall to the door button and connects to one of its terminals.
5. After that, from the second push-button contact, the same conductor is laid next to the first to the zero terminal of the distribution box or switchboard.

At the final stage of work, it remains to turn on the introductory machine and check the call for functionality

When checking the signal flow chain, you need to proceed carefully, constantly remembering that when the button is not pressed, one of its terminals turns out to be 220 volts. You can check its absence or presence with the help of a prepared indicator screwdriver.

Wireless device

In the case of a wireless device, installation operations look like this:

1. At a selected location in the apartment, a box with a receiver mounted on a wall is mounted on the wall, using a previously installed battery.
2. On the doorframe of the front door, a signal transmitter is designed in the form of a socket with a button, which also needs a built-in battery.
3. To test the call device, press the call button and listen to the sound signal.
4. If you have volume control, you need to make sure that it works properly.

If the receiving device is powered by the mains, it is necessary to connect its conclusions according to the color marking: the red or brown core - to the phase contact in the electrical box, and the blue - to the zero terminal.

If the receiver does not work for some reason, you need to rearrange the batteries again in case there is poor contact at the point of connection.

It is not necessary to turn off the electricity when connecting the battery-operated wireless call, since it is not used.

Wiring Diagrams and Tips

In one of the options for connecting a doorbell, the use of two buttons located at a certain distance from one another is provided. This is usually done in private homes, where the entrance to the home for several reasons is located in different places. An apartment wired bell with two buttons is mounted according to a more complex scheme. So that when each of them is pressed, the same actuator is activated, the calling circuits are connected in parallel.

There are call schemes in which the backlight panel is provided on the panel of the executive device, which duplicates a call for people with poor hearing. To reduce the risk of electric shock, a transformer is built into modern electronic models, to which 220 volts is supplied. From its output, a safe voltage (12-36 Volts) enters the power supply line of the call button.

When installing the call device, it is recommended to adhere to the following rules:

• conductors are mounted as covertly as possible, which eliminates the possibility of accidental damage to the insulation and damage to a person with a voltage of 220 volts;
• the call case with call adjustment is mounted on the wall at eye level;
• when choosing a place for it, the features of a particular object are taken into account, including the presence of a switchboard nearby.

When choosing a wireless call, it is important to keep in mind the constant monitoring of the condition of batteries that run out over time.