The physiological state of the human body largely depends on the quality of the water consumed. Using special equipment for water treatment and water purification, it is possible to remove impurities and pathogens from its composition, as well as reduce the degree of hardness.
Key Standards
Preparation includes several stages, which include iron removal, lightening, softening, as well as methods of physico-chemical effects: heating, degassing, freezing, distillation and ionization.
The list of auxiliary components used depends on further water consumption: disinfection is not required for enterprises, severe restrictions apply to drinking resources.
| Indicators |
Maximum degree
|
|
|
Rigidity
|
for cold | 3 mEq / L |
| for warm | 2 mEq / L | |
| Suspend | 0.25 mg / l | |
| Turbidity | 1.5 mg / l | |
| Flavors (salts) | 1 point | |
| pH | 4-8,5 | |
Water Treatment Steps and Features
The main role in the implementation of cleaning works is played by equipment for water treatment and water treatment. In addition to common systems are household filters.
Water purification is required in 9 out of 10 cases. Installations usually include a complete industrial complex of equipment consisting of sequentially arranged filters, dispensers, batteries and other components.
Systems acquisition depends on the initial data:
- source of water;
- analysis of its chemical composition;
- requirements for the final product;
- features and consumption rates.
The easiest way is to soften the liquid with desalination by passing it through resins and filters with activated carbon or other components.
| Process | Characteristic |
| Deodorization | Removing organics and salts. Several methods are available. |
| Lightening | Centrifugation, as well as a system of sedimentation tanks, mechanical cleaning filters. Lattices are used for large impurities, and granular composition for small impurities.
Deep cleaning using reagents that bind colloidal inclusions. |
| Desorption | Applied equipment for water treatment with steam in deaerators.
The removal of gases of natural origin or that appeared during the process. |
| Liming | Slaked lime slurry is used. The precipitate is removed by filtration.
Decrease in hydrocarbon alkalinity |
| Acidity Correction | To protect engineering communications equipment. |
| Disinfection | Mandatory in the production of food and industrial water.
A multi-stage process for the complete removal of dangerous bacteria and microorganisms. |
| Prevention of calcareous deposits | Phosphate, soda-lime and other methods.
Desalination, softening. |
| Iron removal | Removal of manganese and iron ions using aeration columns. Necessary to reduce the development of corrosion. |
The cleaning process is necessary not only for industrial facilities or social institutions. Events are also held before water is supplied to a private house, especially if the source is a well.
Equipment for water treatment is selected on the basis of the requirements stipulated in regulatory documents. Stages and stages are compiled after studying the indicators of fences.
Areas of use and types
The source of water supply is mainly wells or central engineering networks. The water coming from them is either technical or drinking.
For areas such as pharmaceuticals, electronics and similar, there are more stringent regulations.
| Sphere | Main directions | Requirements |
| Microelectronics | Deep deionization with desalination. | High quality cleaning from the preparatory to the final stage. |
| Pharmaceuticals | Desalination with deionization, as well as disinfection. | Complete microbiological safety and minimal salinity. |
| Chemical production | Water treatment is carried out taking into account the individual technological and regulatory indicators of the enterprise. | It is used in the manufacture of galvanic solutions, the production of polymers and for other purposes. |
| Cosmetology industry | Desalination removal of organic impurities and odors, deferrization. | Exclusion of the possibility of negative effects on the human body. |
| Metallurgy | Water treatment of circulating fluid, as well as recharge. | Water cooling during metal cutting and welding affects the wear of the equipment. |
| Printing, pulp and paper and textile enterprises. | Softening, lower salinity, deferrization, fine filtration. | The increased salinity and a large amount of iron coming from both the municipal water supply system and from re-use water leads to the rejection of products. |
| Production of building materials | Preliminary pressure filtration, desalination and softening. | It affects the quality of the solution, gives a coating on the finished product |
The industry produces various equipment used in systems for water purification and water treatment:
- Balloon loading filters can be installed in a country house or cottage.
- Membrane water treatment devices prevent scale formation on pipes and boilers, are equipped with an automation unit, and have a membrane element from 2 to 100 microns.
- Disinfectants can destroy pathogenic bacteria, scale and salts of heavy metals. Both UV and mercury germicidal lamps can be used.
Installation of water treatment equipment provides clean water and extends the life of household appliances. When making a choice, it is better to pay attention to equipment with automatic control, it is more convenient to use and more stable in operation.
The selection of devices is based on the analysis of the fence from the well, well or water supply. To soften and deiron the water at home, you can use a hydrocyclone or cartridge filter.
