Suburban area requires the arrangement of autonomous communications. Including water supply. More often, craftsmen prefer to mount mine wells. Their depth does not exceed 13 meters. A water mirror is often located at a level of 3-6 m. In this case, it is quite simple to draw water from a well into a house with a pump station. The main thing is to comply with all principles of installation and connection of equipment.
Device and principle of operation
The pumping equipment for lifting and supplying water to the house has several important working units. These include:
- Centrifugal pump (submersible or surface). It works as a suction device responsible for constant pressure in the system.
- Cumulative membrane tank. He is a hydraulic accumulator. The reservoir is responsible for the on-off cycles of the pump when it is full or empty. The hydraulic accumulator is divided into sections by a special rubber membrane, which changes its position and pressure in the tank when the water level in it falls or rises.
- Pressure switch. Allows you to maintain a stable indicator of atmospheres in the pipeline and the storage tank.
A pumping station works according to this principle:
- After mounting and turning on the equipment, the intake hose, equipped with a filter and a non-return valve, draws liquid into the unit chamber. From here, water is sent to the membrane tank until it is full.
- As soon as the pressure in the accumulator rises to an extremely high, the pump switches itself off. There is a constant supply of fluid in the tank.
- When you open the faucet in the house, water flows from the drive and enters the plumbing points. At this point, the pressure in the tank drops to a minimum. This is a signal for the pump to turn on and draw fluid from the well again.
When installing a pump station with a submersible pump in a well or with the surface principle of operation of the equipment does not change. The difference lies only in the position of the unit relative to the source.
Advantages and disadvantages
For pumping stations mounted to wells, these advantages are characteristic:
- The presence of a single unit in which all the working nodes are arranged. Equipment does not take up much space.
- Full assembly and readiness of stations for installation. The wizard does not need to look for components, to assemble the entire system himself.
- Constant pressure in the system, elimination of water hammer.
- The water supply system works in the absence of electricity, if there is a tank with a volume of 50 or more liters.
The disadvantages of pumping stations include relative noise (which can be extinguished by a caisson) and the inability to raise water from a depth of more than 10 m. If necessary, the station will have to be equipped with a remote ejector.
How to choose a station
It is necessary to choose good equipment for the specific parameters of the well and the family's requirements for water supply, taking into account such factors:
- Station performance. It should be slightly lower than the water content of the well. If the unit’s productivity is higher, it will quickly pump water from the source and will remain idle until a new flow rate recovery. Here, the risk of burning the station when it is idling is high. It is not possible to start equipment at a low source flow rate.
- Power. It is important to pay attention to this parameter if there is no desire to overpay for electricity. For a family of two people or for simple watering, equipment with a capacity of 500-800 W will be enough.
- Allowable head. Here you need to take into account the distance from the water mirror to the farthest plumbing point in the house.All horizontal sections of the pipeline must be summarized. Every 10 meters of the horizontal line is equal to 1 meter of pressure specified in the technical documentation for the equipment.
- The volume of the storage tank. The bigger it is, the better. For a family of 2-3 people, you can take a tank with a capacity of 40 liters or more.
- Accumulator material. Stainless steel and steel tanks are on the market. The first are more durable.
- The presence of additional protection, automation. Such functions make the station more expensive, but often save during unstable well flow rates or power surges.
Important for many craftsmen is the price of equipment. But she is not a decisive factor.
Features of installation and connection
Before starting the pump station to supply water from the well, it is important to choose the right place for it. Here you need to adhere to such recommendations:
- The station is mounted as close to the well as possible. This allows you to ensure good water intake without loss of power unit.
- An even base without distortions is assigned to the station. Even if the installation of equipment is carried out at the Abyssinian well. It is better if it is a concrete site.
- It is advisable to protect the equipment from the effects of precipitation. Therefore, a caisson is built over the station. He will smooth out the noise during the operation of the unit.
Station connection diagram:
- Mounting equipment on a solid foundation. Most models have legs that are bolted to the concrete floor. This eliminates the vibration of the device. Even better - lay a rubberized mat under the legs of the unit.
- With the help of a fitting, a water intake hose is mounted. One end is equipped with a filter. Once the hose is connected to the inlet, it is lowered into the water.
- If we are talking about a submersible pump, it is mounted on special brackets in the well shaft itself. The latches exclude the probability of movement of the unit and its impacts on the source walls.
- It is important to install a check valve on the outlet pipe. The distance from the pipe to it is left about a meter. The outlet pipe is joined to the highway.
Before starting, the system must be filled with water through the technological hole. Dry station never include. This may cause the equipment to burn.
First start
Arranging a well with a pumping station in the country or in a country house is a responsible task. Therefore, after filling the system, the master conducts a test run of the station. It is important to fix the pressure indicators at the time of turning on and off the equipment in order to adjust its parameters to the optimum. Recommended values for the start of the station - 1.8-1.5 bar; to shut down the unit - 2.5-3 bar. If the best performance is at variance with the actual, you need to calibrate the pressure switch. Do this by rotating the adjusting screws. They are marked with a special marking, indicating the direction for increasing or decreasing indicators.
Only after adjusting the pressure can the unit be started in normal operation. If the equipment turns on and off at the set parameters normally, then the master did everything right.
Rating of the best pumping stations for a well
Among the stations on the market for the well, several models are recognized as the most optimal.
Grundfos
Danish units do their job well. The average productivity of the plants is about 2.7 m3 / h. The optimum immersion depth in the lineup is 8 meters. The impeller of Grundfos stations is made of durable polymer. The case is cast iron. Users note that Danish stations have a good pump, which is durable. In addition, the units have excellent performance.
GARDENA 3000/4 CLASSIC (1770)
This pumping station is capable of transporting water for 40 meters. The average productivity of the unit is 2.8 m3 / hour. The station is equipped with a thin filter, which further protects the impeller from wear.The equipment has automatic equipment to control the water level in the accumulator. The maximum temperature of the pumped water is +35 degrees. The main difference of the GARDENA 3000/4 CLASSIC station is a large number of polymer parts, which makes its operation less noisy. Therefore, it is possible to install such equipment even in the basement under the living rooms.
Marina CAM 100/25
The Italian station belongs to the category of budget. At the same time, its productivity is 4.2 m3 / hour, which allows uninterrupted supply of a resource for a family of 3-4 people plus regularly watering the site. The equipment is understaffed with a 25 liter tank. Pressure - 45 meters. Users note that the Marina station has protection against dry running. This is an additional plus to inexpensive models of units.
Caliber SVD-160/1
A good pumping station for a family of 1-3 people. It has a capacity of 1.8 m3 / hour. The maximum temperature of the pumped water is up to +40 degrees. Permissible immersion depth - 9 meters. The head is 28 m. The station is relatively quiet. It has small dimensions. The unit is equipped with integrated dry run protection and a non-return valve. The main advantages of the installation are durability, simple use, good performance, the ability to connect and connect the installation with your own hands.
The wizard makes a choice in favor of a specific installation model according to the available parameters of the well and the purchased station.
