The pumping station has a number of advantages over simple pumps: the availability of storage capacity, additional protective functions, several working options - automatic or semi-automatic. To extend the service life, the unit must be correctly selected and installed. The choice depends on several criteria - the number of people in the house, the type of pond, the possibility of installation in a technical room.
Types and principle of operation of pumping stations for giving
It is impossible to equip a water supply system in private ownership without the appropriate equipment, which is an automatic pumping station for home and garden. The principle of operation is simple - the pump part delivers water to the storage tank, then the liquid enters the points of water intake. The whole process takes place in automatic mode, which is very convenient, since you do not need to turn on the equipment every time for the sake of a glass of water. As soon as the fluid leaves the hydraulic tank, the unit turns on and refills the tank. The turn-on signal is a drop in internal pressure, which is monitored using a pressure gauge. Start up controls the relay. Water enters the hydraulic tank through a pipe with a check valve and a filter at the end.
The advantage of a water supply pumping station for summer cottage is that all components are included. You can build a system from individual components with your own hands, but it will be longer, in addition, home-made components will often fail. Factory equipment works up to 15 years without the need for repairs, if all operating rules are followed.
Distinguish settings according to the following characteristics:
- Type of suction. There are models with an internal and external ejector. Units with an integrated device are not afraid of the presence of air or gases in the pumped medium (after all, not all owners buy pumps for pumping water), and also do not break down due to the ingress of dirt into the mechanism. The downside of the built-in ejector is quite noisy work, as well as a small power that can lift water from a depth of only 9 meters. Remote control models are much more sensitive to dirt and air bubbles, but less noisy, so they are often installed indoors. The power of such models is higher - they raise the liquid from 45 meters.
- Type of fluid supply: models with accumulator and storage tank. The storage tank has a volume of up to 300 l, which can provide a family of three with water for a day. A hydraulic accumulator is a membrane tank with a volume of 8–20 l. With increased flow in the morning and evening, the pumping station turns on more often.
- Type of source for water intake: surface and submersible. In surface models, equipment is above the ground, and the pipe is lowered into the well. The second type involves the complete immersion of equipment in a well or well.
In terms of power, mini units stand out among the assortment. The principle of operation of such a pumping station for summer cottage differs in that it is used for irregular water requirements.
Criterias of choice
In order for the device to work for a long time and without interruptions, it is not recommended to save on the purchase of a pumping station. It is important to strike a balance between family needs and quality materials.
The size of the storage tank matters if all the liquid is consumed per day. In this case, energy is saved, since the unit turns on 1-2 times a day, and there is always water in the system.If the liquid stagnates, it acquires a specific smell and taste, as it is in a rubber bag.
Depending on what height it is necessary to raise water, equipment is selected according to the pressure value. You can choose a device with a large supply of liquid, but then the pressure in the tap will be less, or vice versa: the water supply is smaller, but the pressure is stronger. For a small house or cottage, 1-2 bar is enough, for a large two-story house, an indicator of 4-6 bar is needed.
The materials used in the manufacture of pumping stations must be separately indicated in the product instructions:
- The case can be made of plastic, cast iron, stainless or black steel. It is not advisable to buy plastic if you plan to use it regularly for a long time - these are budget models for summer cottages or for a house in which one person lives. Cast iron is the most hardy material, but it is expensive. The best option is steel cases. To protect them from corrosion, a layer of special paint is applied.
- The working shaft of the engine must be made of heat-treated stainless steel. This is the most vulnerable point of the pump because it is most exposed to water.
- The impeller is made of ultra-resistant polymers because it must withstand the enormous pressure of the fluid. A good option is a stainless steel, but over time it nevertheless undergoes the formation of rust, and the unit fails.
- Seals are important parts of the system, as they control leaks and pressure. In expensive models, wicker glands made of asbestos thread, inside which copper elements are inserted, are used as sealing material.
An important element of the system is the availability of protection against dry running, in which the automation turns off the equipment. In summer, drought is often observed and water goes deep, so the best option would be to install a pumping station with this function. Many buyers respond well to the electronic relay with a display that allows you not to think about pressure regulation.
The volume of the storage tank does not match the numbers in the instructions: some part of it always takes compressed air, so the maximum amount of water will be less than the specified value.
Installation methods
The best place to install a pumping station is a basement. So the device will be protected from the harmful effects of the environment at any time of the year. To eliminate vibrations and reduce the power of the running pump, a rubber mat is placed under it.
The second common way is to equip a special room with a lock on the street. In this case, the station will not be heard. Wall insulation will be required to maintain temperature.
The third way is to install it in the ground. A pit is dug near the well to a depth below freezing.
Terms of use and maintenance
For the equipment to serve for a long time, you need to take into account the rules:
- it is advisable to arrange ventilation in the room so that condensation does not collect;
- pipes from the pumping station must be laid so deep that they do not freeze, in addition, use insulation to protect against severe frosts;
- it is necessary to install a voltage stabilizer so as not to damage the engine;
- Before turning on the equipment for the first time, the hydraulic tank is filled with water.
In order not to clog the pump internals with dirt and sand, it is recommended to install a coarse filter at the end of the pipe, which is located in the well, without fail. If you want to get clean drinking water from a faucet, a fine filter is installed at the entrance to the house. It can be removed at any time, cleaned and put in place.
If a check valve is not included with the pumping station, you need to buy it separately, otherwise part of the water will drain back into the well, and the switching frequency will increase.
An important point is the state of plumbing fixtures.In the event of a malfunctioning toilet bowl, when water constantly flows out, the pressure in the system will often drop, and the pump will turn on more times. This leads to quick wear of parts.
Advantages and disadvantages of using a pumping station to provide
Pros and cons of pumping stations directly depend on how correctly the calculations were made and the device was installed. If the steel casing is installed in a moist, damp room, no matter how good the pump is, it will quickly collapse under the influence of rust.
Pumping stations are unambiguously more convenient and reliable than cheap appliances that you must turn on and off yourself. The only condition is the correct calculation of water flow and high-quality installation of the product.
Units of foreign production will cost more than pumping stations of a domestic manufacturer. However, a variety of models from foreign manufacturers will allow you to choose the most suitable option for your home.
