Installation of water supply and sewage systems includes an extensive range of works. But this is not scary for homeowners, since living can be full and comfortable only if there are utility networks. It is recommended to start work with designing and drawing up a scheme, this will make the work faster, as well as pre-calculate investments.
Requirements for laying water pipes and sewers
Pipes of high strength and a larger diameter are necessary for conducting external water supply and sewerage, because operating conditions will not always be easy, for example, a variable temperature regime, high soil pressure in trenches. The installation of a water supply and wastewater network is carried out simultaneously, which reduces the time spent and investment. When ordering a project of external communications from specialists, the cost for each meter will depend on many factors, they are negotiated individually when applying.
When building communication networks independently, it is important to observe the following requirements:
- Observe the required slope of the pipeline, which will allow the fluid to reach its destination without hindrance. Also, the clarity and reliability of the operation depend on the observance of the slope.
- It is recommended to start installation from the exhaust manifold of the internal pipeline network in the house.
- If plastic pipes are used during installation, great efforts should not be made during installation, as this threatens to damage them.
When installing water supply and sanitation systems on their own, they first draw up diagrams and drawings according to GOSTs in accordance with all requirements of SNiP. The relevant authorities must be issued a permit to carry out work.
Used tools and materials
Materials for conducting water supply and sanitation systems are different. When choosing a particular one, one must rely on criteria such as scope, technical parameters, cost, reliability and safety.
The basis of communication systems is pipes. They are made of metal, metal and plastic:
- Metal pipes are rarely used, since they do not meet modern requirements for reliability and durability. The main disadvantages of the material include instability to corrosion, as well as a negative effect on the taste and color of tap water.
- Pipes made of metal-plastic reinforced with thin-layer metal, which is enclosed between plastic. They have many advantages, for example, long service life, are not subject to corrosion, do not enter into a chemical reaction with water, flexible and durable. The assembly does not require the use of special equipment, enough fittings. But the cost of such pipes in comparison with metal and plastic is much higher.
- Plastic pipes are made from various polymers. The most popular is polypropylene. Conventional pipes are installed for the cold water supply network, and for the hot - special stabilized pipes, additionally equipped with a foil layer. The advantages of polypropylene pipes include low cost, durability, lack of reaction with water and corrosion resistance. The disadvantages - during installation, you can not do without a special welding machine.
In addition to pipes for communications, it will be necessary to purchase fittings for assembling the system, for example, connecting and adapter couplings, ordinary tees and equipped with internal / external thread, angles and crosses.
Preparatory work
When acquiring a new apartment or house, the owner has several priority tasks - to install water supply and wastewater communications, as well as make repairs. As a rule, new buildings are equipped only with a heating system.
Before proceeding with the installation of water supply and sewerage, it is necessary to schematically depict the wiring of the pipes in accordance with the location of the plumbing. It is necessary to first decide where the bathroom, sink, toilet and household appliances (washing machine, dishwasher) will stand. The project can be developed independently, but it is better to contact a professional who, in accordance with the requirements of SNiP, will create drawings in accordance with all GOSTs.
After obtaining permission to perform work, proceed to the selection and purchase of building materials.
Installation Steps
Installation of water supply and sewage systems inside the building is not difficult, if all requirements are strictly followed. The installation steps are as follows:
- Implement the project and approve it in the relevant bodies. For clarity, it is recommended to depict the passage of pipes directly on the walls of the room. Here you should not forget about fitting connections. The distance measured by the tape measure is fixed on paper.
- List the necessary types of fittings that will be used when installing water supply and sanitation systems. Adapters, angles, couplings and tees are shown on the sheet, their quantity is being calculated.
- Decide on the pipes. Most often, polymer materials are used to conduct communications inside the house.
- After acquiring all the necessary materials and tools, you can proceed directly to the installation. Each material requires a special approach, therefore, before installation, you need to familiarize yourself with all the subtleties and nuances. Difficulties should not arise, since the assembly of communications does not require special skills.
- The final stage is the launch of water into the system, and the tightness of the joints. Pipelines are in normal operation for at least two weeks, during this period all errors will be identified.
Pipes designed for cold water are recommended to be equipped with an additional insulator, otherwise condensation will form on the surface. It is also worth considering: the fewer connection points, the higher the reliability of the network. Do not lay pipes in zigzags and abuse the connecting elements.
As a rule, a little time is spent on installing a water supply and sewage network. If the work is performed by specialists, it will be possible to carry out it within a few hours. Performing the work yourself, it is better to ask a friend for help, since one will do everything uncomfortable and difficult.
If the installation of water supply and sanitation is carried out in an apartment of an apartment building, you must first take care of disconnecting from the central highway. Also, it will not be superfluous to first call the management company so that their plumber provides a key to the basement in case of unforeseen circumstances.
