Inoperative ventilation in a residential or office complex threatens residents with the "big building syndrome": spontaneously worsens health, ailments appear.
But when equipment fails at an industrial plant, even more dire consequences are possible. Many technological processes are associated with the release of fumes of toxic substances and dust, which must be neutralized. Therefore, maintenance and repair of ventilation should be carried out regularly.
Ventilation repair is included in OKPD. In the All-Russian classifier of products by type of economic activity of OKPD, ventilation repair is carried out under codes 45.33.12.190, 191 and 199. OKPD repair of ventilation refers to the section "Construction work".
The need for ventilation service
The ventilation system is one of the most important life support systems for people. Each building should have a functioning ventilation system, selected taking into account the purpose and use.
The easiest to maintain and repair is the natural ventilation of residential apartment buildings. At industrial enterprises, mechanical supply and exhaust systems are installed.
Reasons for failure of ventilation systems:
- violations during installation of equipment;
- illiterate use;
- technological aging mechanisms;
- refusal of maintenance;
- mechanical damage.
The nature of the malfunction is affected by the operating conditions of the equipment. For example, supply and exhaust ventilation systems located near busy highways are quickly clogged and destroyed by dust, debris, and burning.
Not only forced ventilation systems fail. Natural ventilation of apartment buildings also needs to be repaired or cleaned. Over time, debris and dust accumulate in the mines, the brickwork of the pipes crumbles, and a major overhaul of the ventilation system is required. Often, residents partially dismantle the ventilation ducts, disrupting the movement of air. In this case, repair of the ventilation of an apartment building is indispensable. It is enough to restore the walls of the shaft and the system will normalize.
Repair of ventilation of an apartment building is usually associated with the overhaul of the building itself and is carried out by housing and communal services workers.
For any irregularities in ventilation it is most reasonable to call professionals. With the help of special devices, they will quickly detect a breakdown and eliminate it.
Signs of malfunctioning ventilation:
- fogged windows;
- mold in the corners;
- the flow of odors from one room to another.
Ailments of people can also talk about the need to repair the ventilation system:
- shortness of breath, asthmatic phenomena;
- frequent colds and infectious diseases;
- pain in the back and joints.
Stages of repair of ventilation systems
Repair and maintenance of ventilation include the following:
- Diagnosis and elimination of malfunctions during the warranty and post-warranty period;
- Preventive work required during operation of ventilation systems (cleaning, troubleshooting, testing of automatic control systems).
Maintenance service consists in debugging and preventing mechanisms that ensure the smooth operation of ventilation equipment.
Repair and maintenance of ventilation are carried out in stages. First, the masters examine the state of the system, after which they clean and disinfect. And the final stage is determining the quality of ventilation repair and issuing a document on the state of the system in the apartment.
As a rule, repair of ventilation systems is carried out without dismantling, directly at the place of its installation. With particularly complex breakdowns, the mechanisms are removed and taken to the workshops.
The list of services for the repair and maintenance of ventilation:
- verification of ventilation duct connections, fixtures and housing integrity;
- lubrication of mechanical parts and filter cleaning;
- testing of automatic control systems;
- inspection of electrical wiring, bags;
- checking the operation of dampers and control valves;
- fan cleaning, testing and balancing;
- repair of ventilation heaters and heat exchangers;
- testing the condition of the heat exchanger;
- replacement of all faulty components.
In the supply and exhaust ventilation systems, heaters are used to heat the air to the required temperature. The heater can be water, fire or steam. Some use glycol solutions. Flushing the ventilation heater is one of the methods for repairing it. The device is disassembled and cleaned of germs and scale using chemicals.
Sometimes it is necessary to replace the ventilation heater plates. This kind of repair can be done immediately, as the leak is visible to the naked eye.
The frequency of repair and maintenance of ventilation systems depends on:
- type of ventilation (natural, mechanical, combined);
- type of system (supply, exhaust, supply and exhaust, channelless or channel);
- the specifics of the building (office complex, residential building, industrial enterprise).
Diagnostics of the ventilation system
Before starting a major overhaul of the ventilation system, its diagnosis is carried out:
- the type of system is determined;
- assesses the condition of ventilation shafts, the degree of their destruction and pollution;
- the difference in pressure and temperature is measured in rooms and on the street;
- air velocity at various points of the ventilation system is determined;
- assesses the condition of the air intake grilles;
- checked the operation of automatic control systems;
- the condition of the fans is examined, including the presence of lubricant;
- the operation of the emergency shutdown system is evaluated.
For diagnostics, special equipment is needed. Diagnostics is required before commissioning, during servicing and before overhaul of the ventilation system. Based on the data received, conclusions are made about the need for repair, replacement of faulty or outdated components. Diagnosis is also carried out after cleaning the ducts to assess the quality of work.
Ventilation repairs in apartment buildings can only be carried out by a service company that has special certificates.
Maintenance of automatic ventilation control systems
In modern construction, supply and exhaust systems with automatic control are increasingly being used. The user sets the necessary parameters that are supported by the automatically selected program or sets a single operation mode.
Automatic control systems are set up only by qualified specialists. Adjustment of automation is included in the list of services for maintenance and repair of ventilation. As a result, the equipment maintains the indoor temperature, humidity and air velocity required by the customer. At the same time, experts advise the client on the proper operation of ventilation.
The cost of repair and maintenance of ventilation
The cost of repairing the ventilation of an apartment building or enterprise is determined by the estimate.The list of services offered by ventilation repair companies in apartments and offices varies. Therefore, the cost of a service package, which includes almost the same services, can be different. The cost of repairing ventilation is determined by the type, power and branching of the network, the quantity and type of equipment. When planning a ventilation repair in an apartment, first study the offers of several companies, paying special attention to the level of qualifications of specialists, equipping with equipment and tools. About the latter and watch the video.
