Pools are public and private. Each species has its own characteristics requirements. Regardless of the purpose, the facility must have a ventilation system. It provides normative parameters of indoor air, optimizes energy consumption depending on the microclimate. Design and creation of a ventilation scheme for the pool must comply with all requirements.
Purpose of ventilation in the pool
The pool is an object in which there is constant intense evaporation from the surface of the water. It leads to an increase in humidity, which can lead to the following negative consequences:
- Accumulation of condensation on windows and other building structures. Excessive moisture can damage them and also cause mold.
- Violation of sanitary standards. Discomfort of people who relax in the pool.
The main task of ventilation in the pool is to maintain optimal humidity, temperature and air renewal.
Ventilation is planned at the stage of construction of the pool. In this case, it is easier to install the channels.
Creating a ventilation plan
Designing a ventilation system in the pool is a difficult task, in solving which it is necessary to take into account all the nuances and features of the object. Basic requirements contain a description of the object itself:
- Placement relative to ground level. On which floor is the pool. The best choice is to create an object in the basement or on the ground floor of the building.
- Orientation to the cardinal points.
- The presence or absence of coverage.
- The number of swimmers. Frequency and time of bathing.
- The presence of sources of heat and cold.
- Methods of air drainage.
The ventilation system is responsible for maintaining the required values and parameters of indoor air and optimizes the consumption of energy resources in case of changing conditions.
Area determination
Strict requirements for determining the area are set for public pools. Private owners can use approximate calculation formulas.
The traditional or normative method is as follows. It is necessary to take the number of swimmers, which is approximately equal to 1/3 of the number of people in the pool. Each swimmer needs a minimum of 2 sq.m. mirrors of water. According to these data, you need to calculate the total area of the mirror.
More often, another calculation method is used. The formation of the area and form is determined by architectural and design ideas. According to these requirements, a design specification is formed.
Regardless of the chosen method, the design of the ventilation system is done after selecting the form, calculating the area of the mirror, installing paths and fences.
Calculation of air temperature
A comfortable microclimate should be maintained in the pool. On average, surface temperatures are 1-2 degrees higher than water temperature. However, it should not exceed 35 ° C. For recreational pools, the temperature range is 29-32 ° C, for children, these readings are 30-34 ° C. Strict calculation of air exchange in the pool for private use can be omitted - use these indicators.
Automation should be installed in the room, which will respond to changes in values and, if possible, reconfigure the mode.
Moisture calculation
When calculating the relative humidity, you need to consider:
- 50-65% - values for pool halls according to SNiP;
- 67% and 29 ° С for thermal engineering calculations.
For a pool with an air temperature of 29 ° C and a relative humidity of 65%, it is necessary to create conditions under which the dew point for structures and floors equal to 21 ° C will not be reached or will be lower than this value.
Moisture calculation
The pool is an object in which there are constant sources of high humidity. These are emissions from the surface of the water and bypass paths, fresh air in the street, moisture from people and water rides.
Discharge from the surface of the water should be taken into account in time and modes. If the object is not used, moisture reduction can be eliminated by using closing blinds.
Calculation of air mobility
The speed of air flow in private pools in cottages should not be higher than 0.2 m / s. In case of exceeding the indicator, the moisture removal from the surface will increase, as well as the discomfort of vacationers.
Calculation of the rate of air exchange
Within an hour, a certain amount of fresh air passes through the room. The number of times called the rate of air exchange in the pool. This indicator is stipulated by regulatory documents and is determined taking into account moisture release, evaporation area, emission factor and air flow.
According to the joint venture and SNiP, the external air flow should not be lower than the set values. For one person, the minimum value is 80 cubic meters per hour per swimmer and 20 cubic meters per hour per viewer.
Choosing the right equipment
Since the pool is a complex object with a high level of humidity and is significantly different in its microclimate from other rooms, a special ventilation system is chosen. There are special housing designs and design elements that are designed to work with high humidity. Also, all parts must be resistant to the admixture of vapors of chlorine compounds. To improve ventilation efficiency, various recuperators, recirculation plants, hoods for the pool, and secondary heat utilization systems are used. Thanks to such devices, heat can be used to heat water to a comfortable temperature or other household needs.
A ventilation installation for a pool will cost more than for houses and apartments due to the use of reliable and durable materials that are used for working in water. There will also be costs for installation, maintenance of ventilation and electricity for the operation of the pump.
Features of creating private pool projects
In any house, the pool is built according to an individual plan with a unique design. Regardless of the chosen scheme, it is important to strive for maximum comfort of a person from the point of view of physiology and psychology, since the object is a recreation area.
There are a number of recommendations that should be followed:
- Humid air should be removed from the upper zone. It is lightweight, so it is easy to remove with a hood over the pool.
- To ensure the given speeds of circulation of air masses, the area of ventilation grilles should be large.
- It is better to organize displacement ventilation. Must be a source of fresh air.
Floor and wall supply grilles in the lower part can cause discomfort to vacationers. They will feel the movement of cold air, so it is better to put them in the upper part of the room.
