Polluted air happens not only on the street, but also in the house. It contains dust, pathogenic microorganisms, microspores of mold and fungus, microscopic fibers of textiles. All these components are able to negatively affect human health. Air purification is carried out naturally or with the help of technical devices, devices.
Methods and methods of air purification
To eliminate harmful impurities, natural methods and technical devices are used. For maximum effect, it is better to use them in combination.
Open windows
You can clean the air by airing in the morning and evening. It will not stagnate and provoke the multiplication of pathogenic microflora. However, industrial pollution, gas exhausts get into the house from the street. In this case, it is better to install special multi-stage filters on the windows. Even in the house there must be forced or natural ventilation.
Humidifiers
In winter, the air in the room becomes dry, as the heating system works. In this case, microscopic light particles are in space for a very long time. If it gets wet, the dust gradually settles and can be quickly collected. For this, special devices are used. If necessary, a decorative fountain or an aquarium is installed in the room. Wet cleaning is recommended periodically.
Air cleaner
The cleaner is a device that removes harmful impurities and dust from the surrounding area. It additionally carries out disinfection and ionization. Multistage systems for the home are expensive, but provide maximum effect.
High-quality vacuum cleaner
Cheap models are only designed to eliminate visible debris, but the air is not cleaned. Under the influence of a hot stream, the smallest particles are electrified and scatter throughout the room, and installed filters are not able to delay them.
An vacuum cleaner with a water filter or HEPA system is considered effective. It removes large debris and purifies the air while moisturizing it.
A variety of air purifiers and their technical characteristics
In domestic conditions, various devices are used according to the principle of action and effectiveness. For complex air purification, products with replaceable filters, photocatalytic and electrostatic devices are used.
Electrolytic cleaners
Plasma cleaning is carried out. The device is a metal plate connected to a household electrical outlet. It creates a static field that attracts dust particles. Such a device is well suited for small rooms in which there is a low level of air pollution.
The device does not need large cash or time costs. Simplicity of design provides ease of maintenance: the plate only needs to be washed. If strict requirements are imposed on the atmosphere in the house (people with allergies, bronchial asthma live), such a product will not work.
Cleaners with replaceable filters
It is pleasant to breathe well-cleaned air, therefore often in apartments fabric or carbon filters are installed. The first type is a device with a fan.It drives air through a material on which dust particles settle. Their minimum size is 0.3 microns.
The carbon filter is a natural cleaner that can gently remove impurities from the air. It requires periodic replacement, since over time it itself begins to pollute the environment.
Photocatalytic cleaners
The catalyst-based air purifier removes not only dust, but also fungal spores, pathogenic microorganisms. For this, an ultraviolet filter is present in the device. This device is suitable for people suffering from allergies. Additionally, the apparatus is equipped with an ionizer.
The principle of operation of such a device is simple: first, the air undergoes rough cleaning, then it is processed with ultraviolet rays, passes through the photocatalyst. Here it is cleaned of germs, dust and unpleasant odors.
The device is characterized by low energy consumption.
You should not install a photocatalytic cleaner in children's rooms, as it is able to remove from the air and useful substances necessary for the development of the immune system.
Air wash
Air masses falling into such an air purifier pass through a container with water and special blades. Dust settles on discs that are easy to clean. The advantage of the device is additional air humidification.
Selection rules
Criteria for choosing the right device:
- Performance and scope. These parameters are interconnected. The larger the room, the more powerful the device should be. At the same time, it is taken into account that the optimal level of productivity should exceed the volume of the room 2.5-3 times: in an hour it should process all the air three times.
- Purpose and additional functions. If, in addition to cleaning, air disinfection is required, it is better to give preference to devices with a built-in ionizer or an ultraviolet lamp.
- Degree of purification. The quality of the device depends on this indicator. He must be tall.
- Noise level. The presented parameter is important if the device will be turned on at night or installed in a relaxation room.
- Type of construction. Air purifiers are floor, wall and desktop. When choosing, the overall design of the room is taken into account.
- Cost of maintenance and care. Periodically, the device needs to be cleaned and filters replaced. It takes into account the cost of purchasing supplies.
Some devices have an indicator that indicates the need to replace the filter or water. Additionally, air purifiers can be equipped with a control panel, a timer, as well as an electronic display on which data is displayed.
DIY air purifier
Before you make a high-performance cleaner yourself, you need to determine what purpose it will be used for. To make a device for dry rooms, you can use a plastic container and a computer cooler.
Work execution order:
- 2 holes are made in the container lid.
- The cooler is fixed on the lid using screws. It connects to a 5V or 12V power supply. The second option is used if a more productive model is required.
- Inside the case, several rows of fishing line are stretched, on which a dense fabric or microfiber is attached. The material must be fixed so that it does not interfere with the release of purified air.
The container can be filled with water, and the thickness of the liquid layer should not be large.
If the room has high humidity, the design may be the same, but instead of water, materials that can absorb moisture are used.
For this purpose, calcined table salt or silica gel is suitable.In the manufacture of the design, it should be borne in mind that the fan speed should not be large. Special substances for absorbing moisture can change color, so you can immediately see when you need to fill up a new layer.
Advantages and disadvantages
Air purification in the apartment allows you to get a good atmosphere indoors. Depending on the type of device, it has its advantages and disadvantages:
- Classic options are designed for rough air cleaning. Their advantage is the simplicity of construction and maintenance, extended service life. The disadvantages include the inability to delay small particles, pathogenic microorganisms. The device does not eliminate odors.
- The advantage of the HEPA filter is the ability to remove particles from air up to 0.3 microns. He also retains dust, pollen, pathogens, allergens. The minus of the device is that it needs to be changed every 1-3 months.
- Electrostatic devices are easy to clean, clean the air of electrically charged particles. The disadvantage is the ability of some models to generate ozone, which is not always necessary in residential premises.
- Activated carbon filters are natural cleaners that remove dust and unpleasant odors. However, if the filler is not changed in a timely manner, it can become a source of the spread of harmful microorganisms.
- Photocatalytic cleaner eliminates complex contaminants, formaldehyde. Easy to care. However, he breaks up large particles of dust into smaller ones and returns them back to the room.
Devices with ionization or ultraviolet air disinfection are used with care.
Rating of the best household air purifiers
For the right choice of air purifier, you should consider the options that the modern market offers. The user can purchase the following devices:
- Daikin MC707VM. The device is equipped with a special technology that allows you to simultaneously work as a cleaner and humidifier. The device ionizes the air, disinfects it. An additional property is air deodorization. Install the unit on the floor or on the wall. It is equipped with several types of filters: electrostatic, photocatalytic and others. If there is an unpleasant odor in the room, the device turns on automatically. However, the product has a high cost and is characterized by expensive maintenance.
- LG AS95GDPV0. It is applied in life or office. In the design of the product there is a carbon and HEPA filter, an ultraviolet lamp. The stream of purified air is scattered at 7.5 m. The device is equipped with indicators of the degree of pollution of the internal space. A mobile application has been created for management. The device has high performance, eliminates odors, formaldehydes, allergens. It runs silently. The disadvantage is the high price and weight.
- Xiaomi Mi Air Purifier 2S. The cleaner is characterized by a concise design, high-quality assembly, the presence of automatic control functions through a mobile application. The device is relatively inexpensive, has 2 modes of operation (normal and night), processes up to 37 sq.m. area. The device can be integrated with the Smart Home system. The disadvantage is the need to order accessories, the need for an adapter for the power plug.
Sometimes the ventilation system is not enough for high-quality air purification indoors. In this case, you need to select a special device that performs this function. Modern devices have a lot of options to make the atmosphere in the house comfortable and the air useful.
