A prerequisite for maintaining a comfortable microclimate in the premises is the constant updating of air. Before choosing the type of ventilation system, it is important to consider the possibility of controlling the intensity of air flows. For these purposes, special devices are used - anemostats for ventilation. You should familiarize yourself with the principle of operation, characteristics and a list of popular models available for sale.
Definition of a concept
Automatic anemostats are installed at the end points of the duct and are designed for uniform distribution of flows in a confined space. In fact, they are analogs of a classic diffuser or a standard grill installed in ventilation systems. These elements are also used in heating systems and various types of air conditioners. The main objective of such a device is the distribution of air flows from the outside or sent to the exhaust pipe.
The supply and exhaust anemostat is responsible for a number of auxiliary functions:
- adjustment of volumes of air taken from outside;
- blocking drafts;
- airing of rooms;
- overlapping ducts like a shutter.
Some models of these devices contain a filter element that traps dust impurities that are always present in street air.
What is the difference with diffuser
The diffuser and the anemostat are intended for the same purpose, but the principles of their work are noticeably different. The difference between these devices is manifested in the following:
- the diffuser is not able to change the intensity of the air flow;
- the angles of inclination of its working lamellas are strictly fixed;
- to control the volume of air masses passing through, special devices will be required - manually operated dampers.
Anemostats do not need any additional elements, since they already have all the functions.
Differences in purpose
According to their functional purpose (the principle of distribution of air flows), anemostats are divided into three types: supply, exhaust and combined. The former contain a special element in the form of a concave plate or shield. Due to this form, the device has a low aerodynamic drag, which allows you to evenly distribute the incoming flows of air circulating in the supply ventilation.
In exhaust models, the smooth, outer cover-divider provides an unobstructed outflow of exhaust air. Combined devices contain two dissecting caps, access to each of which is selected manually. To do this, they have two slots located in the area of the plate dividers.
In the supply mode, one of the gaps is open (near the concave plate), and the second is blocked. When the device is working on a hood, everything happens the other way around. When two modes are used together, both slots remain open.
Product Features
After choosing a distributor, you need to evaluate the desired model for the following parameters:
- the diameter of the plate-divider;
- the size of the slots;
- optimal valve travel.
The working diameter of the tip of the installed anemostat is selected in accordance with the size of the ventilation duct. On a box of 100 mm, for example, a switchgear with an appropriate size is installed. Standard values for this parameter vary between 80-200 mm.If necessary, block the ventilation duct of a larger cross section using conventional diffusers.
The size of the slit hole affects the throughput of the entire switchgear, and the margin along the check valve determines the range of its opening when the dividers move along the normal. The higher this indicator, the wider the boundaries of the action of the anemostat. The extreme values of the adjustment limits in various models are from 8 to 30 mm.
Criterias of choice
When choosing the right model, the following device parameters are taken into account:
- the material from which it is made;
- operating dimensions of the device;
- the spread of the dimensions of the plates;
- the area governing the work of cracks.
All these indicators are selected taking into account the features of operation.
In the manufacture of anemostats, light materials are used: aluminum, galvanized steel or plastic. Elite product samples are made from wood billets. The use of each of these items has its positive and negative sides.
Metal
The metal exhaust anemostat and its varieties are characterized by increased wear resistance and long service life. To this is added an attractive exterior design, combined with modern style solutions in the interior of the kitchen. The disadvantages include the complexity of installation and high cost. The material is ideally suited for specific production conditions where it is necessary to remove and supply highly heated air. Heat-resistant anemostats are installed in smoke removal systems, stainless steel products are in demand in baths, saunas and combustion chamber furnaces.
Plastic and wood
Plastic analogues are more suitable for use in domestic conditions, in shopping centers, offices and in ventilation systems of public buildings. Such products are also used in wet rooms: showers, laundries, bathrooms, kitchens and pools.
The advantages of polymer-based anemostats include:
- increased resistance to moisture;
- ease of material and ease of installation;
- variety of sizes and colors;
- ease of care and maintenance;
- relatively low cost.
The disadvantages of plastic products are low strength and the inability to work at high temperatures.
Wooden specimens are extremely rare. They are in demand when the design of the kitchen room requires it. Such devices are optimally suited for baths, saunas and other wooden buildings.
Mounting the anemostat
The procedure for installing the device with your own hands can be represented by the following sequence of actions:
- From the main outlet of the ventilation system to the area of the proposed installation of the divider, a segment of the flexible duct is supplied.
- A hole is made in the ceiling with a diameter corresponding to the size of the anemostat.
- The fitting outgoing from the appliance is connected to the tubular base of the duct.
- The outer part is fixed using self-tapping screws of a suitable size.
When installing automatic models, an additional electrical cable and the installation of a circuit breaker will be required. At the final stage of work, the supporting part of the divider is placed inside the served duct and is securely fixed. A plate, which is included in the delivery of the device, is attached to it by means of self-tapping screws.
Overview of some models
In the domestic market of ventilation systems, devices are represented by many models from various manufacturers, including anemostats with electric motors. The sales leader is Vents products. At the same time, products from such well-known manufacturers as Dospel, Blauberg, Systemair and Lessar are very popular.
The difference between products from the Vents lineup is manifested in their design features. Among them, anemostats with a flange are widely represented (Series A 100 VRF) and with a special restrictive ring, thanks to which it is possible to fix the distributor without undue hassle. In models under the markings A200VR, A200VRF and A200 / 150VRF, there are two control elements that guarantee effective redistribution of air flows.
Rectangular air inlets under the designations A * PR and A * PRF are available in two versions with diameters of 150 and 200 millimeters. The cross-sectional area of these varieties is 0.011 and 0.012 square meters, and the course of the plate along the normal is 21 and 22 mm.
Prices of models from Vents range from 4 to 9 euros.
Metal models of universal or combined devices (“AM * VRF” and “AM * VRF N”) are available on the Russian market in sizes of 100, 125, 150 and 200 millimeters. The valve travel range for these products is 2-22 mm.
Air distributors from the company Dospel (Poland) are represented by three different categories:
- AN * - plastic air inlets;
- ANM * EV - metal exhaust anemostats;
- ANM * SV - a supply variant of the previous type.
Anemostat shades from the AN series are available in versions with diameters of 100, 125 and 150 millimeters. The maximum value of the opening of the adjustment flaps in these models reaches 16, 13 and 21 mm.
