To organize effective video surveillance for a summer residence, you need to select the type of security system and its configuration. In addition, you should familiarize yourself with the features of the independent arrangement of protective systems.
Types of systems
The video surveillance system for a private house or for a summer residence has a number of designs, differing in the way of supplying power and transmitting a video signal. In accordance with the first sign, security video systems can be:
- autonomous with battery power;
- network, for the connection of which an electric network of 220 Volts is used.
By the method of signal transmission, they are divided into remote (communication is via a mobile phone, for example) and wireless. In the first case, the signals coming from any video camera are transmitted over long distances, limited by the power of the emitting module and the capabilities of the receiving device. To view the image, special recorders are used, purchased separately or supplied with the equipment. Wireless systems include any systems that do not use linear conductors for signal transmission.
Equipment
Before arranging the system, you will need to purchase all the necessary equipment. You can purchase a ready-made set of video surveillance devices or assemble it from separate modules. In the first case, it already contains all the necessary components. The difference between one configuration option from another is manifested in the quantity and technical characteristics of equipment samples, in its manufacturer and in the presence of additional options.
It makes sense to buy a set of equipment ready for installation when it is completely enough to solve the tasks. They include the following items:
- two or four surveillance cameras;
- DVR
- power supplies and connecting cables.
Other components are also included in the kit, depending on the model selected.
If the user required a non-standard number of cameras and does not need a registrar, they will have to build such a system on their own.
Selection Rules and Priorities
The typical structure of modern video control systems is very simple: it contains several cameras spaced along the perimeter and a control module (PC or video archive storage). It also includes wired lines or a local Wi-Fi network. With their help, video information from cameras is transmitted to a storage device and monitors. Routers are used to organize simultaneous monitoring from multiple cameras at once.
Camcorders
This component of the security complex is selected taking into account the following factors:
- video resolution;
- photosensitivity and matrix characteristics;
- data transfer rate.
When choosing the right resolution proceed from the need to obtain high-quality images. Modern cameras guarantee its value from 1.3 to 3.5 MP or even higher. When high image quality is not required, a device with a resolution of HD (720) or Full HD (1080) is selected.
Light sensitivity indicates how well the camera distinguishes between objects at night or in low light. If you need to conduct night observation, it is best to select and deliver models with a high value of the indicator measured in lux. This parameter is indicated on the product packaging boxes.Modern video cameras transmit images at an average speed of 3 to 25 frames per second.
Camera design
According to the design features of the camera are divided into the following groups:
- case (rotary);
- domed;
- street (anti-vandal);
- mini cameras and for hidden installation.
Their differences are manifested in the form of the case, various viewing angles and applications.
Street models are anti-vandal at the same time. Dome and case models are intended for installation mainly in rooms.
Routers
The function of a router or router is to organize the exchange of information over a Wi-Fi network. They are usually equipped with standard RJ45 connectors for connecting a UTP cable. It is allowed to connect cameras to it both via Wi-Fi channels and using cables. In the latter case, you have to choose a model with the right number of ports.
When choosing a router, you should pay attention to the radius that the Wi-Fi network it supports, as well as the maximum data transfer rate. When determining this indicator, it must be borne in mind that the router will equally divide the information channel for each device connected to it. At a maximum speed of 300 Mbit / sec, for example, and 5 connected cameras, it will be: 300: 5 = 60 Mbit / sec. The range of household routers does not exceed several tens of meters (in the presence of direct visibility).
DVR and power equipment
The registrar is an independent device capable of recording, storing and transmitting video images. It can be used instead of a computer or work with it together. In various models, a mouse or a manipulator is connected to it via USB. Well-known recorder models work with both analog and digital cameras, as well as with hybrid devices designed for both varieties at once. When buying them, the focus is on the number of channels, showing how many cameras it can work simultaneously.
Connecting cables and power supplies are responsible for supplying electricity to all examined equipment samples. The set of power modules includes 220/24/12 Volt converters with all the necessary switching elements.
Choosing the right technological solution
Modern CCTV systems fully comply with the concept of “smart home”. They have a number of additional options that expand their functionality and increase the effectiveness of the action. For example, they recognize objects in the field of view of cameras. If the sensor detects movement in a protected area, the camera is able to determine what exactly is moving along it (animal, person or car). If a moving object is not a threat, the system does not give an alarm.
High-tech security systems with CCTV cameras are capable of:
- track the games of young children;
- fix leaks in the home water supply system in time;
- detect gas leakage;
- give a signal about a fire that has begun at the facility, etc.
The capabilities of modern complexes guarantee the absolute safety of urban apartments and private cottages with adjacent territories.
Varieties of systems
Mixed video surveillance systems that combine analog and digital solutions are divided into two options:
- combined;
- hybrid.
The first are modernized analog complexes in which the cameras used are combined with more advanced digital recorders based on hard disk (DVR). The second class systems are based on the so-called “hybrid” video recorders that allow the connection of analog and network cameras.They are also equipped with interfaces for connecting to a network from multiple PCs.
Hybrid video recorders allow monitoring locally, being located directly at the facility, as well as remotely (via the Internet). With their help, it is possible to create several video surveillance points at once. In addition, they can be expanded subject to the use of a DVR model with the corresponding capabilities.
When choosing the level of manufacturability of equipment for a private house or cottage, the main criterion is expediency, which is determined by the following factors:
- for what purposes it is planned to use the acquired complex;
- where it is supposed to be mounted (on the street or within the premises).
If the task is to additionally protect the country cottage from fire, water supply breakthrough or gas leaks, appropriate sensors and the necessary elements for their installation will be required. The size of the plot and the number of rooms in the house are taken into account as a secondary, but also important factor.
Recognized leaders in the world in terms of quality of products are considered such well-known companies as Samsung, Vivotek, Fermax, Axis, Bosch, Dahua Technology and many others. Video surveillance systems from these manufacturers are distinguished by guaranteed high reliability of operation and durability.
DIY video surveillance system installation
Install and configure do-it-yourself video surveillance at home or in the country is simple. The most important thing is to follow the instructions of the attached instructions and think over the location of the system elements within the premises or in a guarded area. It should allow simultaneous control of each of the network branches. When the camcorders are installed, you will need to configure them. For these purposes, special software has been developed, delivered complete with equipment, or purchased separately.
Configure Remote Internet Access
The essence of the setup is to guarantee access to the router of each of the outdoor CCTV cameras for a private house. And with it, Internet access is easily organized. All information collected and stored during monitoring is sent via the Web to a personal computer, laptop or mobile phone.
At the next stage, the transmitted picture (image) is adjusted, for which special software is used. Although it is allowed to do this on their own - experts recommend entrusting this stage to professionals, since the quality of the settings is directly related to the effectiveness of the remote security system.
