The correct calculation of the heating system is one of the stages of its design. However, in addition to this factor, the installation of elements in each room should be planned in advance. Depending on the selected installation scheme, not only the appearance, but also the effectiveness of the system will depend. To do this, it is necessary to make the heating of the rooms correctly: calculation of radiators, how to close and hide the batteries and pipes.
The procedure for arranging room heating
First, you need to calculate the heating per room. It consists in calculating the optimal amount of energy that would compensate for heat loss through the walls and windows of the room.
The simplest, but at the same time inaccurate method is to use the ratio of the area or volume of the room to the optimal amount of heat required. Those. 10 m² of room will require 1 kW of energy. It is best to calculate the exact heat loss in the room and based on this, calculate the number of heating radiators per room.
After this, it is necessary to carry out the following measures for the arrangement of heating:
- Draw up a layout of batteries and pipelines. It is recommended to hide the mains so that they do not affect the overall interior. There are many ways to close a heating pipe in a room;
- Choose a way to control the operation of radiators. For this, it is best to install temperature controllers on each of them;
- If necessary - install additional heating systems. These include film underfloor heating, infrared heaters, etc.
The above stages equally apply to both centralized and autonomous heating. The difference lies in the small degree of influence on the temperature regime in the latter case. But how is a room heated with a central heating radiator under such initial conditions? To control the level of coolant inflow into the battery, a bypass and a temperature regulator should be installed. In this way, it is possible to achieve a decrease in heating (at high temperature conditions). But at the same time it is impossible to increase it.
Heating batteries are recommended to be installed in the place of the greatest heat loss - the outer wall and under the window structures. Then there will be heating of the cooled air and its circulation in the room.
Methods for covert installation of heating batteries
Having calculated the optimal number of radiators and sections in them, you can begin to choose the wiring diagram for pipes. They are located depending on the general heating scheme. For the upper wiring (single-pipe in apartment buildings), the supply lines are located vertically along the entire wall. The lower circuit is more convenient, since the supply and return pipes are located at the level of the baseboard (5-8 cm above it).
How to hide the heating pipe in the room, if it is installed vertically? For this, it is necessary to consider possible options for arrangement, which are laborious and fundamentally feasible.
Regardless of the selected scheme for flush mounting pipes, it is necessary to provide access to important nodes of the pipeline - the joints of individual sections, valves, etc.
Decorative screens for heating pipes
In practice, the question most often arises - how to hide the heating pipes in the room, if they are already installed, and it is impossible to change their location? To do this, you can make or purchase decorative boxes that will hide the trunk and improve the appearance of the room.
The advantage of their use is the minimal complexity of installation, as well as the ability to quickly carry out rebound and maintenance work. In addition, it should be noted such operational features of pipe shields:
- Be sure to have ventilation slots in the design. They are necessary to prevent overheating of pipelines. This is especially important for polymer structures;
- Before closing the heating pipe in the room, you should find out the minimum dimensions of the duct. After installation, the distance from its inner surface to the highway should be at least 3 cm. Contact of the decorative structure and highways is prohibited;
- Dismantling the box should be quick, without tools.
Factory models are most often made of steel painted using powder technology. They consist of a frame on which the grill is mounted. If such a closure of the heating pipe in the room is unacceptable in an aesthetic plan - you can make decorative boxes yourself.
Depending on the chosen scheme, they can close only the heating pipes, or completely the wall where the communications are located. The latter option is preferable for rooms with a large area, where there is no shortage of living space.
When choosing box materials, flammable plastic should not be used. In addition, many of them can be deformed or lose their appearance under the influence of temperature from + 60 ° С.
Installation of radiators in the walls
If there is no heating in one room - the hidden installation of highways is the best option. Most often, special channels in the wall are made for this. They install pipelines. In order to hide the heating pipe in the room in this way, it will take a lot more effort and a special tool. At the same time, certain rules for the manufacture of strobe must be taken into account:
- According to the regulations, any deformation (including strobes) in the load-bearing wall is prohibited;
- Correctly hide the heating pipes in a room in the wall is possible only at a depth of not more than 25 mm. Otherwise, a partial destruction of the wall is possible;
- Laying the gate is carried out only horizontally or vertically. It is forbidden to do them diagonally.
Often in an apartment building it is more practical to close the heating pipe in the room than to perform such an installation. An alternative is the installation of highways in the floor - the so-called beam pipe routing. To work with reinforced concrete plates, it is necessary to purchase special diamond-coated wheels.
Installation of heating in the floor of the room
This is the most convenient way to hide the heating pipe in the room. It can only be carried out during repair work. After correctly calculating the number of heating radiators per room, you should select their correct location. This is important, because after installing the lines, changing the location of the batteries will be impossible.
To hide the heating pipes in the room according to this scheme is possible only if the final screed has not been poured onto the floor. Pipes and collectors are installed on the rough surface, and the joints are checked for leaks. It is advisable to install additional protection on pipelines - a shell made of polymers.
The advantages of this scheme are as follows:
- Highways are not views, as they are hidden in the pie of the floor;
- In addition, the concrete surface is heated, which is important for the first floor of a private house;
- Increased quality requirements for pipes and mounting elements. In the event of a rush, it will be difficult to carry out repair work.
Despite the complexity, a similar method of hiding a heating pipe in a room is used for collector wiring.
Before choosing the method of closing the heating pipe, you need to make sure that the system parameters are saved. Those. After isolation of the line, the temperature regime of operation should not change.
Alternative methods of heating rooms
Along with the situations under consideration, the question often arises - what to do if there is no heating in one room? The best way to solve this problem is to install pipes and radiators. If this is not possible, you should consider alternative ways to increase the temperature in the room.
Infrared room heating
Currently, this is one of the most acceptable options for resolving the issue of how to heat a room without heating. To do this, you can use several types of heating systems: IR heaters, floor heating.
However, it should be borne in mind that the principle of exposure to infrared radiation does not consist in convection of air flows, as occurs when a room is heated by a central heating radiator, but in the effect on the surface of objects. As a result of this, they heat up, which increases the temperature in the room.
Features of IR heating:
- Relatively high energy consumption compared to water heating;
- Low inertia. Room heating is relatively fast, as well as a change in IR learning power;
- Possibility of use as an additional heating system.
The best option is the installation of an infrared film. To heat a room without heating, this is done in two ways - the organization of a warm floor or installation on walls, in the upper part of the room.
When calculating infrared heating for a room, it must be borne in mind that heating elements cannot be covered by furniture or other interior items. This may cause a malfunction.
Induction or ionic room heaters
If the area of the room is high enough (from 20 m² or more), and there is no heating system as such, it can be made from modern induction or ion boilers. They are small in size and economical in energy consumption.
Thus, you can heat the room without central heating. However, such a scheme has a number of features:
- Be sure to install an expansion tank and a safety group. The circulation pump should only be installed if the total volume of the coolant exceeds 50 l;
- To reduce costs, the boiler is connected to the programmer;
- Preliminary, the correct calculation of the number of radiators per room is performed.
For the last item, you need to find out the heat loss in the room. The heat dissipation of the batteries should compensate for them, taking into account the lowest possible temperature in winter. The best way to calculate is an online calculator or a specialized program.
You also need to remember that heat from a room in a house can enter other rooms. Therefore, when choosing the method of heating it is necessary to take into account the internal circulation of air in the building.
The video shows an example of a professional approach to the issue of hiding heating pipes:
