When searching for optimal heating schemes, they often forget about proven methods of maintaining a comfortable temperature in the house. Along with traditional solid fuel boilers, in some cases it is optimal to use heating elements for heating a house with your own hands: batteries, radiators, boilers can include this heating element. However, before you begin the installation of equipment - you must weigh the pros and cons.
When it is expedient to use TENY
First of all, it should be clarified that it is not recommended to make a homemade ten for a heating battery. This is due to the observance of operating safety. In such designs, it is difficult to prevent a short circuit when an electric current enters the coolant. Therefore, heating on Tena with your own hands should only be done using factory models.
The heating element is a metal spiral with a high electrical resistance. It is enclosed in a metal shell, which is filled with oil. This ensures the best heat transfer coefficient during operation of the device. When connected to an electric network, the spiral begins to heat up, transferring thermal energy to the surface of the shell. She, in turn, is a heat exchanger between the heater and water.
It is important to use heating heaters for heating in the following cases:
- Creation of heating systems without a main. To do this, you need a heater for a heating radiator with the ability to control power;
- They are part of electric boilers. If the factory models are too expensive - you can make an analogue with your own hands. It is recommended to use a special heating element for the heating boiler as the main heating device. It has a high power, in most cases it is designed for a voltage of 380 V;
- To quickly heat the room. Unlike solid fuel for a gas boiler, heating by electric tens has a minimum heating time of the coolant. If you need to quickly increase the temperature in the room - it is best to use this type of heating.
In addition, electric heaters are small. They are successfully integrated not only into boilers and radiators, but also directly into the pipe. Due to this, the dimensions of the entire system are reduced, which is important for small houses and apartments. The lack of heating on shades, made by yourself, can be attributed to large running costs. In a comparative analysis of various energy carriers, electricity will be the most expensive.
Is it really effective to use heating elements for heating radiators? Reviews often contain conflicting information. This is mainly due to the life of the heater. The reason for this is the improper installation and operation of the device.
Teng can be inserted into the heating system on its own. Manufacturers often attach installation instructions to the device.
Rules for the installation and operation of the heater
One of the main parameters for each electrical appliance is its rated power. Correct installation of ten in the heating system is carried out only after calculating this value. To do this, use a simple formula:
P = 0.0011 * m (Tk-Tn) / T
Where m - mass of energy carrier, kg,Tk and T - the value of the water temperature after and before heating,T - the required time to raise the temperature to the optimum Tk.
For a 6-section aluminum radiator, m will be equal to 0.45 * 6 = 2.7 kg. Let's pretend that Tk = 80 ° C, and Tn = 20 ° C. The heating time should be 10 minutes. In this case, the optimal power that electric heating elements for heating radiators should have will be:
P = 0.066 * 2.7 (80-20) / 10 = 1.06 kW
It is taken into account that the coolant is water. With the use of antifreeze, the nominal power of the ten for the heating battery should be increased as amended 1.44 - 1.06 * 1.44 = 1.52 kW.
Then you need to familiarize yourself with the rules for installing electric heating elements for heating a house.
The outer shell must always be in the water. If this is not done, the heat from the spiral will not be compensated by the low temperature of the water. As a result, the heater will quickly fail due to overheating. Therefore, ten for heating a house is mounted at the lowest point of the radiator. In this case, it will not be in a possible zone of formation of air jams.
Coolant quality
It is best to use distilled water, as it contains a minimum% of impurities. When heated, they form a scale layer on the surface of the protective shell. This leads not only to a loss in the efficiency of the device, but is also the main cause of corrosion.
Joint Sealing
When installing ten in the heating system, you must first familiarize yourself with the instructions from the manufacturer. If it indicates that the end joints of the electrodes should be additionally sealed, this is necessarily done. Otherwise, when water gets on the surface of the heating coil, the danger to those living in the house increases. Having familiarized with these rules, you can begin to install the heater for heating.
Not every heater is suitable for a heating radiator. Only special models with an appropriate mounting diameter should be selected.
Radiator electric home heating
Before embedding the heating element in the heating system, the radiator parameters are needed. The main one is the diameter of the connecting pipe. Currently, manufacturers produce products with two sizes - 1/2 and 3/4 inches. Then, a comparative analysis of the heating parameters is carried out before and after the installation of the heating element.
Connection of the heating element to the existing heating
If it will be used as an additional way of heating water, you need to take into account the change in hydraulic pressure when passing through the radiator. Since the bore diameter in this month of the system will be smaller - it is recommended to install a pump with a larger capacity.
When connecting the radiator to the system, the installation of heating elements for heating the house will be impossible. To do this, you must either change the connection diagram to the top, or install a heating element on the top of the battery, which is not recommended by specialists.
Often make installation in old cast-iron batteries. Before performing work, you must first check the direction of thread of the pipe (right or left) and also measure its diameter. Then you should adhere to the following scheme:
- Coolant drain. It is forbidden to install the heater in a radiator in the presence of water in it;
- Checking the battery level. Even with a slight tilt angle, the likelihood of air congestion is significantly increased;
- Installation of a heating element in a branch pipe. To seal the holes, it is necessary to use the gaskets attached to the heater or to make them yourself;
- Mounting the unit with a thermostat, if any is included.
After that it is necessary to fill the system with water.With the help of the installed Mayevsky crane, possible air jams are removed. Before switching on, to ensure safety, a tester that checks for a heating coil-battery circuit may be checked. If it is, you need to dismantle the heater and install it again, improving the sealing.
Radiator electric heating
When organizing heating on Tena, made by yourself, installation of the pipeline is not required. For each radiator, install a heating element. At the same time, it is possible to mount models of various power depending on the thermal regime in a particular room of the house. The advantages of such a system are as follows:
- Savings in the procurement of materials and reduction in the complexity of installation work;
- If a heating element with a temperature regulator is used for heating and a temperature sensor connected to it, the degree of heating of the room will be adjusted automatically;
- Minimum inertia of heating the system.
But all these positive qualities can overlap the total cost of the service. Therefore, before making heating using electric heaters, it is necessary to calculate not only the cost of purchasing materials and components, but also the subsequent costs of electricity. Only after that introduce this type of heating system.
It is recommended to purchase factory radiators with installed heating elements. The efficiency of their work is higher than that of self-made ones, since special oil is used as a heat carrier. Even with the heating element turned off, it will give heat to the room for some time.
DIY electric boiler
Is it possible to make a boiler, which uses electric heaters for heating a house, on its own? First you need to familiarize yourself with the design of factory models.
They consist of a unit with a heating element installed, a control and safety system. Unlike traditional boilers, it is small in size and can be installed practically anywhere in the system. For the manufacture you will need the following tools and materials:
- Block tenov. It is best to use this type of heaters, as they have maximum power;
- Thermostat and temperature sensor;
- Steel case divided into two zones. One will have an electric heater with a temperature regulator for heating, and the second will install a control and protection unit.
Since the ten in the heating system must be constantly in the water - it is recommended that the liquid level sensor be installed. Liquid circulation occurs through the inlet and outlet nozzles. To improve this process, a circulation pump connection block is provided. But it should be noted that it is not recommended to make such boilers with a capacity above 9 kWt for a private house. This is due to the maximum load on the power grid and high overhead costs.
The installed additional heater with a temperature regulator for heating can be used as a way to prevent freezing of the coolant. For this, the device can operate at minimum power.
How to choose heating elements
How to choose the ten for the heating system? There are currently many manufacturers who offer similar products. However, not always quality and technical parameters correspond to the required ones. Therefore, before purchasing, you need to pay attention to such operational characteristics of the heater:
- Rated and maximum power. If a heater is needed in the heating boiler - its capacity should be enough for the system to work. The simplest method of calculation is 10 sq.m. houses need 1 kW of thermal energy;
- Type of power supply. For models with a power of up to 3 kW, you can use a home network of 220 V.If it is planned to install a tena for a heating system with a larger capacity, a three-phase network of 380 V should be carried out. This may be due to difficulties in preparing documentation;
- The presence of a thermostat. For a radiator electric heating system, this is the main factor of choice. If you purchase ten without the ability to adjust power - it will constantly work at maximum speed. Thus, electricity costs will increase dramatically;
- Cost. The average price of a 2 kW model starts at 900 rubles. The cost of more powerful can be up to 6000 rubles. Often they are made to order.
The appearance of the heating element can also affect its performance and efficiency. The best option would be to purchase a fin heater in a heating boiler. It differs from ordinary ones in that additional heat-exchange plates are located on the protective shell.
Thanks to them, the heating area increases. This design is typical for heating elements in larger radiators. Reviews of them speak of increased heat transfer even with a minimum operating mode. But not always their overall dimensions make it possible to install in the battery. Therefore, simple tubular heaters are most often purchased. To increase the efficiency, you can buy a block of heaters with a temperature controller. It differs from traditional ones by the presence of several heating elements on the same basis.
Prevention of breakdowns of heating elements
Even after you managed to professionally embed heating elements of heating systems, you must follow the rules of operation. First, the ability of the mains to withstand maximum loads is checked. To do this, you need to summarize all the power of electrical appliances in the house and add a factor of 1.2 to the power supply for the resulting figure. The cross-section of the wiring must withstand the rated power without overheating or short circuiting.
The operation of the heating elements in the device consists in the gradual destruction of the heating spiral. Therefore, shades intended for radiators must have a maximum life of at least 10 years, which is confirmed by the manufacturer. In addition, you must follow these rules:
- Do not add tap water to pipes or radiators. This can lead to scale formation on the PETN surface. Use only distilled water;
- Installation of an RCD (residual current device) is required. You can connect one or more heating elements to it. In the event of an emergency, this device will turn off the power;
- Frequent switching on and off when heating a house reduces its life;
- If static electricity is observed on the surface of the battery, an urgent need to check the tightness of the heating element;
- Installation of PETN in a heating boiler or radiator without grounding is prohibited.
Guided by these simple recommendations, you can make not only an effective, but also a safe heating system for a private house or apartment with the help of electric heaters.
Do not install ten in the heating system without first checking the grounding. To do this, it is best to use the services of an electric laboratory.
The heater in the boiler or boiler broke
Despite its reliability, failure of heating electric heaters is quite common. If this is a factory model, you can do it yourself only if you have confidence in your own abilities. It is best to contact a specialized company, since in addition to the heating element, other important parts of the system can be damaged in the process of unskilled repair.
If a decision is made to restore the boiler’s performance on its own, first you need to familiarize yourself with its design.To do this, you can use the data from the passport or see the data on the manufacturer's website. Before dismantling the heating heating ten, a device must be provided. Then the coolant is drained. You can check the operation of the heater using the indicator. The passport should indicate the resistance indicator when the circuit is closed. If the indicators do not coincide with the initial ones, a new heating element is installed. The best option is to install a similar device from the same manufacturer.
Before embedding ten in the heating system, you need to make good thermal insulation in the apartment or house. This will reduce running costs for electricity, which in turn will increase the life of the heating element.
To check the operation of the heating element it is recommended to familiarize yourself with the video material.
