Monoblock and split system relate to indoor air conditioning devices in the automatic control mode of the parameters of the internal atmosphere: purity, relative humidity and temperature.
Types and principles of operation of air conditioners
The main task of the air conditioner is to cool the atmosphere of the room, other functions are designed to create additional favorable conditions.
Monoblock (from one module). All elements are in a single housing. The location distinguishes between window, wall and mobile air conditioners. Window worked on the principle of evaporation, they were installed in the opening of the window. With the advent of plastic windows, this equipment was no longer used.
Wall monoblock refers to the compression type: consists of an evaporator and an air blower. For installation, it is required to punch out two holes - for the influx of fresh and the removal of hot air from the condenser.
Mobile or floor Compression air conditioners and coolers operate on the principle of evaporation. They do not require installation: the heated air exhaust sleeve is sent to the window or a hole in the wall.
Split systems by the mode of action are compression. Divided into 2 modules, interconnected by an electric cable and tubes for the flow of refrigerant. The external unit is used to discharge heat to the street, located on the outside of the wall. It has a freon cooling condenser, a fan and a compressor. The interior of the split system is wall, floor, ceiling and mobile - the first option is in greatest demand.
The functionality of the air conditioner allows you to cool and heat the air, clean it of dust and street gases, maintain humidity in the specified range. The design is controlled by a remote control.
The principle of operation of the monoblock and split systems is the same - bringing air in the apartment to condition. The process consists in pumping freon from one chamber to another.
Cold evaporation
Principle of operation:
- air enters through the cartridge;
- heat from the incoming stream is sent to the working grates;
- water droplets evaporate from the heated element, the temperature drops, and the air becomes cold at the outlet of the air conditioner.
Simple coolers work by the principle of evaporation, their power is determined by the humidity of the incoming stream: in a dry environment, water evaporates more easily, and the device works more efficiently. In hot summers with high humidity, the performance of the evaporative air conditioner drops to almost zero.
Compression temperature drop
The principle of temperature reduction is identical to the processes occurring in the refrigerator. The main elements: compressor, condenser, evaporator.
The whole system works in a closed mode - freon circulates through the copper or aluminum tubes between the functional parts, which transfers heat from room air to the outside. The principle is based on the ability of a liquid refrigerant to boil and turn into gas at a temperature of 10–20 ° C, depending on the pressure in the system.
Principle of operation:
- the evaporator is under low pressure, freon is transferred from the liquid phase to the gaseous state and takes heat from the incoming air stream;
- heated refrigerant vapor enters the compressor through pipes, the pressure is pumped, due to which the boiling temperature of freon rises, the gas goes into the initial liquid state;
- the evaporator receives the condensed heat carrier of the second circle, hot air is pumped through the fan to the street.
By cyclically changing the pressure of the refrigerant in the tubes, the temperature of the freon and room air through it is controlled. The efficiency of this cooling method is higher than the evaporative one.
Air conditioner differences
Difference of a split system from a monoblock:
- The number of executive modules. The monoblock has one unit, the split systems have two, internal and external.
- Noise level. The split system is almost inaudible in the room, since the energy-intensive unit is placed on the outside of the wall, and the internal module is much quieter than an air conditioner with one case.
- Condensate removal. Split system independently drains water to the street through a drainage tube. In the monoblock, moisture accumulates in the container inside the device, it must be drained manually.
The set of functions for air conditioners is practically the same: cooling, heating, air filtration are provided.
Functionality
Air conditioners are constantly being improved. In addition to adjusting the temperature in the room, there are new ways to increase comfort. Additional functions:
- Auto mode. The device itself controls the choice of mode and maintains the temperature at a comfortable level.
- Ventilation. Only the indoor unit fan works, the compressor is off. There is a uniform distribution of air masses in the room.
- Temperature setting. Control accuracy ± 1ºС in the range 16―30ºС. The sensor is installed in the indoor unit or in the remote control.
- The speed of rotation of the fan impeller changes the amount of flow passing through the internal module and determines the performance of the air conditioner in m3 / h. The minimum flow rate for room coolers is 5 m3 per hour, the maximum - up to 60 m3 per hour.
- The direction of air flow is regulated vertically by means of horizontal blinds. The plates are fixed in several positions or automatically swing, distributing air evenly.
When buying an air conditioner, the consumer selects the optimal number of functions to create the most suitable climate and level of comfort.
What to consider when choosing
It is impossible to unequivocally answer which is better, a split system or a monoblock. The determining factor is usually the price of the product: monoblocks are much cheaper. Be sure to take into account the conditions in which climate technology will work:
- number of windows, their material and dimensions;
- the purpose of the premises is a common room or a children's room;
- condition of heating devices, location;
- the side that the windows face.
When choosing an air conditioner, you should consider the floor. The final cost of installing the device depends on this: the higher, the more difficult the installation and the more expensive the work.
