Modern sewer pipes are made of PVC. For ease of installation in a house or apartment, they are produced in various lengths and diameters. To create a reliable wastewater removal system that does not leak and does not allow unpleasant odors into the room, you can know how to connect its elements.
Necessary tools
To effectively and quickly connect a cast iron pipe with a plastic one, it is necessary to prepare tools and materials:
- Special hammer equipped with a wooden or rubber nozzle. A standard product will not work - it is easy for them to damage the repaired sewage section.
- The cutting tool is a hacksaw or grinder.
- Adjustable wrenches.
- Depending on the method of joining the pipes, you may need a welding machine, thread cutter or hand press.
- Suitable plastic products. When connecting the toilet to the riser, you will need elements with a diameter of 110 mm. To lay the sewer to the sink and bath, it is better to choose a plastic size of 50 mm.
- Gaskets, adapters, gaskets, couplings and sealants.
The shopping list before going to the store must be prepared in advance, referring to the work plan.
Preparatory work
Before connecting the sewer pipes, it is necessary to prepare:
- Make sure that you have purchased the full range of necessary tools and materials.
- Outline the location of communications, prepare a place for work and draw a layout diagram.
- Referring to the plan for the placement of individual sewer elements, mark the prepared sewage elements and begin cutting the material.
- For the convenience of joining pipes, the gaps should be cleaned from burrs, remove dirt and grease stains.
- If you want to install metal products, they must be applied internal or external threads.
The installation of a sewage system made of plastic involves the installation of test hatches. If you neglect this rule, it will be difficult to carry out repair work.
Before connecting the constituent parts of the sewage system it is necessary to create a drawing of the future system. On a piece of paper it is worth displaying each plumbing fixture (toilet bowl, sink, bathtub, shower) and connect them with lines to the riser.
The main methods of connecting sewer pipes
To the bell
This method is the simplest and most popular. The work is carried out in several stages:
- To clear from dirt the end of a pipe and a bell.
- Check for a rubber seal to ensure system tightness.
- Dry the connected products with a building hairdryer.
- Lubricate the pipe with silicone compound and insert into the socket. In advance on the elements make a mark indicating the depth of introduction.
- Gently pull the pipe back 1 cm.
- Wait until the sealant dries - after 4-6 hours.
It is necessary to cut the plastic with a hacksaw with a small tooth.
With glue
A gluing method is often used to connect PVC pipes. For such tasks, a special composition is used. Work sequence:
- Clean and degrease bonded surfaces.
- Apply glue.
- Insert pipes into each other and hold them for 1 minute.
- To increase the tightness of the joint, it is coated with another layer of the composition.
It is important to consider certain tricks of connecting PVC sewer pipes to each other:
- Do not stretch the bonding time longer than 1-2 minutes - in air, the liquid loses its properties.
- When connecting PVC products, it is recommended to use a flange method of installing communication.You need to choose cast iron fasteners equipped with a rubber gasket.
- The pipe is cut before installation in the connection zone. A chamfer is optional, but the cut must be even. Then put a loose flange on the end of the element.
- The rubber gasket is installed so that it protrudes 10 cm from the cut. A flange is placed on it and then connected to the counter flange with bolts of the corresponding diameter. Fasteners must be tightened carefully, but without excessive force.
When mating sewerage elements using cold welding, a special composition is used that dissolves the surfaces of the fixed parts by 1/3 of the thickness. Before soldering PVC products, it is important to consider the temperature and humidity. Work is recommended at 5-35 degrees Celsius.
Welding
To weld the pipes, you need equipment that warms up the plastic before joining. Material heated to certain values begins to melt. At this moment, the ends of the elements are pressed together for several minutes.
The welded sections of the sewage system form a monolithic system with high tightness. The disadvantage of this method of fixing pipes is the need to purchase or rent an expensive device.
Fitting
Correctly connect plastic sewer pipes with special elements - fittings. By design, they are divided into straight, G- and T-shaped, tees, extension cords and plugs. This method is often used when installing or repairing small diameter water pipes or corrugated products.
Features of connecting pipes of different diameters
If it is necessary to connect the sewer sections of different diameters, it is worth using special adapters. These elements are made of different materials. They are used in water supply, sewage, ventilation.
Transition elements for connecting pipes of different diameters are divided into concentric (for vertical communications) and eccentric (used in horizontal structures). They are polypropylene, steel, cast iron, polyethylene, brass.
According to the installation method of the adapter, there are:
- Compression - to create a reliable connection they need to be soldered.
- Threaded - elements are wound on pipes of different diameters.
- Press fittings are designed to create one-piece pipeline components.
Sewer communications often require the junction of pipes made of different materials. For this purpose, a special rubber cuff is used, capable of providing an external and internal transition. In the latter case, the product is introduced into the socket of a cast-iron pipe, which allows you to connect a polymer sewage section to it. Such joints do not need to be additionally sealed, so the need for special compositions disappears. With an external transition, the pipes are connected without connecting the cuff.
Fittings used to interface sewer pipes of different diameters:
- Welded. Set by using a welding machine. They are equipped with thread and gaskets.
- Glued. To dock them with pipes, you need to use special compounds.
- Threaded. They are threaded and used to pair small pipes.
- A rubber ring is a common type of adapter used during the installation of sewer structures for various purposes. The main advantage of such products include high tightness of joints.
When connecting “husk to husk”, the upper parts of pipes of different diameters are combined. The method prevents the return flow of wastewater.
Choosing a connection method
The simplest is the method of pairing pipes "into the socket". It can be realized even by a person who is far from plumbing work.The bell must be directed in the opposite direction from the one where the water will flow.
Features of various methods:
- Welding is the most difficult way to repair sewers. For work, you must have special skills and a complex apparatus. The advantage of the method is the high reliability of fixing the pipes.
- Adhesive bonding is durable only if the work technology is followed. Surfaces before the procedure must be cleaned and degreased.
- Fittings are fixed with O-rings. This connection method does not require special preparation and can be performed independently. An important condition is that there should be constant access to the connection points, otherwise eliminating the blockage will be problematic.
Knowing the features of the connection of pipes from various materials, it is possible to independently repair the sewage system in case of leaks and breakouts.
