The market offers many technical devices that make life easier for the owner of the house, especially in such unpleasant things as cleaning the sewer. In order not to scoop out a crowded sump or cesspool with a bucket, use a drain pump specially designed for this kind of work.
What are drainage sewage pumps used for?
The autonomous sewer systems used to equip estates and houses in cottage villages need regular maintenance to ensure continuous operation. To prevent accumulation tanks from overflowing, it is necessary to periodically remove waste water or bottom sediment from them.
To service the sewage system, specialized drainage units have been developed that can pump out fecal water containing solids and fibrous masses from the settling tank.
Purpose and scope
Drainage pumps designed for pumping dirty sewage water are multifunctional assistants that facilitate a variety of tasks in the home or on the site. They are adapted to work in an aggressive environment, designed to pump out viscous liquid media containing solid particles. With their help, you can:
- remove wastewater from septic tanks or storage collectors;
- pump out water from domestic sewer, storm wells;
- drain basements flooded with rainwater, basement floors;
- urgently remove water when the apartment is flooded, heating batteries or water pipes break through;
- replace water in artificial reservoirs.
It is convenient to use the drainage pump in a household for watering a lawn, garden trees or garden plants, pumping water from a nearby lake or river.
Key selection criteria
To choose a drainage pump for sewage in a private house, you need to pay attention to such parameters: the presence or absence of grinders, power, installation method. Reliability of the sewer system is ensured by a properly selected device.
The choice of equipment determines the operating conditions. To comply with the necessary requirements, it is necessary to consider:
- septic tank scheme;
- the immersion depth of the mechanism in the tank;
- the length and diameter of the sleeve from the fluid intake point to the discharge point;
- septic tank drain pump power;
- the required voltage of the mains 220 or 380 volts;
- created water pressure and productivity per unit time;
- temperature and composition of the transported liquid: diameter of solid inclusions, degree of aggressiveness of impurities;
- engine cooling system;
- case material and internal parts;
- manufacturer's reputation;
- ease of maintenance and ease of installation;
- noise level.
Before going to the store, write down the optimal parameters for you and take the list to the store.
Types of pumps
Devices are vacuum type, pumping or pressure. Also emit toilet drainage pumps with knives. Design features are determined by the scope, permissible level of contamination, the maximum temperature of the effluent.
The liquid in the sewer is a chemically aggressive environment, so the bodies of specialized pumps are made of especially durable materials:
- stainless steel;
- thermoplastic;
- bronze;
- cast iron.
The ease of operation and maintenance of the pumps depends on the installation method.
- Superficial. Installed next to the tank. Medium power. The case is plastic, as there is no contact with the aggressive environment. Noise level - high. Easy to maintain.
- Submersible. Installed at the bottom of the tank. Great power, high performance. Autonomous: on-off adjustment is performed by a float switch, which floats up with an increase in the liquid level and turns on the engine; when the level drops, it drops and turns off. The case is made of stainless steel or cast iron. Silent For maintenance it is necessary to lift to the surface.
- Semi-submersible. The engine is located on the surface on the platform, the suction socket - at the bottom. Noisiness is average. The service is simple.
Experienced owners recommend putting two float switches in series on the submersible pump, one above the other - this is an inexpensive but reliable way to protect the electric motor from burnout.
The principle of operation and device
Drainage pumps are designed to pump heterogeneous fluid from a source into a storage tank. To prevent loss of power, the unit is installed in the maximum proximity to the place where there is an excess of water. Modifications of drainage pumps allow the presence of solid particles in the solution: the particle size should not exceed 50 mm for domestic, 120 mm for industrial devices; the optimal volume of inclusions is not more than 10%.
To work with viscous fluids containing very small inclusions in size, drainage pumps with a grinder are used. The device is more efficient, but costs more.
The design provides for the following parts:
- electric motor;
- a shaft with an impeller for moving fluid inside the device;
- pump unit;
- intake pipe, the diameter of the holes of which determines the size of the passing solid particles;
- a float switch that automatically changes the operating mode depending on the liquid level;
- body.
A working electric motor using an impeller creates a rarefied atmosphere in the compartment of the pump unit. Centrifugal force and pressure drop provoke the movement of a viscous fluid to the discharge pipe and further into the reservoir. Similarly, large volumes of clean water are pumped.
Installation Steps
Installation of a drainage pump for pumping sludge from a septic tank is carried out independently or with the help of specialists. Installation steps:
- placing the engine outside the sewer or drainage well on the prepared site;
- immersion of the receiving pipe at the bottom of the liquid to be removed, the outlet hose - into the reservoir tank;
- connection to electricity.
Assembly of submersible and semi-submersible mechanisms should be carried out according to the instructions in compliance with technical requirements. The submersible pump must be completely installed at a certain distance from the bottom of the reservoir tank, mounted on vertical metal rails to rise to the surface for routine inspection or repair. In a semi-submersible engine, it is located on the surface of the liquid in a special area, and the pump with the intake sinks to the bottom of the tank.
It is necessary to pay attention to the quality of electrical insulation, the tightness of the housing and the stability of the mechanism parts to aggressiveness of the pumped medium or external influences.
Advantages and disadvantages of drainage pumps for sewage
Different types of pumps have their advantages and disadvantages.Having determined the most significant parameters for yourself, you can purchase the most suitable device.
| Surface pumps | Submersible pumps | |
| Advantages | ease of installation and maintenance | lack of noise |
| universality | universality | |
| compactness | small dimensions | |
| mobility | autonomy | |
| low price | ||
| large volume of pumped liquid | ||
| disadvantages | the need for two working hoses | to avoid overheating of the engine, it is necessary to control the disconnecting device |
| noise | ||
| leaky housing |
To avoid sewage system stops in emergency situations and during periods of scheduled maintenance, experts recommend having a second as a safety net. Pumps can be located in one or in two different, interconnected wells.
